Anatomy of the retrohepatic tunnel in a Chinese population and its clinical application in liver surgery.

Liver hanging maneuver (LHM) is an important technique in liver surgery. However, applied anatomy of the retrohepatic tunnel for the surgical approach in Chinese population needs further study. In this study, to explore the basic anatomy of retrohepatic tunnel and its clinical application in a Chinese population, a total of 32 formalin-fixed cadavers were dissected, related parameters were measured, and their clinical applications were discussed. The length of the retrohepatic tunnel was (60.6 ± 9.9) mm. The width of the retrohepatic tunnel superior opening was (13.8 ± 3.9) mm. The width of the retrohepatic tunnel inferior opening was (15.2 ± 7.4) mm. The hepatic short vessels were distributed along the middle and lower 1/3 of hepatic inferior vena cava (HIVC), with a slight predominance on its left wall. A few hepatic short vessels were distributed along the upper 1/3 of the HIVC. We concluded: the anatomy of the retrohepatic tunnel provides a basis for use of LHM in liver surgery; more hepatic short vessels from hepatic caudate lobe can be preserved via right approach. The retrohepatic tunnel can be used as a good surgical approach in liver surgery; its application also has important significance in laparoscopic minimally invasive liver surgery.