Martinez Sonia, Aguilo Antoni, Rodas Lluis, Lozano Leticia, Moreno Carlos, Tauler Pedro
a Research Group on Evidence, Lifestyles & Health, Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Research Institute on Health Sciences , University of the Balearic Islands , Palma de Mallorca , Spain.
b Research Group on Evidence, Lifestyles & Health, Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, Research Institute on Health Sciences , University of the Balearic Islands , Palma de Mallorca , Spain.
J Sports Sci. 2018 Feb;36(3):333-339. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2017.1306092. Epub 2017 Mar 21.
Adequate dietary strategies are essential for the successful participation in ultra-endurance races. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the energy and water intakes of participants during three different mountain ultra-endurance runs. The study took place at the "Ultra Mallorca Serra de Tramuntana" (Mallorca, Spain), an ultra-endurance mountain event with runners participating either in a 44-km (Marathon, n = 51), a 67-km (Trail, n = 109) or a 112-km (Ultra, n = 53) run competition. Participants in the study answered a questionnaire focused on the nutritional intake within an hour after finishing the competition. Mean energy intake during the competitions was 183 kcal · h, with an average carbohydrate intake of 31 g · h (52.1% of participants consumed less than 30 g · h). No significant differences between competitions were found in these parameters. However, a higher percentage of energy from lipids in participants in the Trail and the Ultra was found (P = 0.034). Furthermore, significant differences were observed in water intake per hour of competition (P = 0.039), with the lowest value for the intake during the Ultra competition. In conclusion, the majority of the participants in the study present low carbohydrate intakes. However, fluid intake seems to be adequate. Different distances did not significantly influence the participants' nutritional strategies.
适当的饮食策略对于成功参与超长距离耐力赛至关重要。本研究的目的是评估和比较参与者在三种不同的山地超长距离耐力跑中的能量和水分摄入量。该研究在“超级马略卡特拉蒙塔纳山脉赛”（西班牙马略卡）举行，这是一项超长距离耐力山地赛事，跑步者分别参加44公里（马拉松，n = 51）、67公里（越野赛，n = 109）或112公里（超级赛，n = 53）的跑步比赛。研究中的参与者在比赛结束后一小时内回答了一份关于营养摄入的问卷。比赛期间的平均能量摄入量为183千卡·小时，平均碳水化合物摄入量为31克·小时（52.1%的参与者摄入量低于30克·小时）。在这些参数方面，不同比赛之间未发现显著差异。然而，发现越野赛和超级赛参与者中来自脂质的能量百分比更高（P = 0.034）。此外，观察到每小时比赛的水分摄入量存在显著差异（P = 0.039），超级赛期间的摄入量最低。总之，该研究中的大多数参与者碳水化合物摄入量较低。然而，液体摄入量似乎充足。不同的距离并未显著影响参与者的营养策略。
