Mohamed Ali Hiba, Berggreen Ellen, Nguyen Daniel, Wahab Ali Raouf, Van Dyke Thomas E, Hasturk Hatice, Mustafa Manal
Departments of Clinical Dentistry and.
Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen , Bergen , Norway.
J Oral Microbiol. 2017 Jan 27;9(1):1281556. doi: 10.1080/20002297.2017.1281556. eCollection 2017.
Few studies have focused on the bacterial species associated with the deterioration of the dental and gingival health of children with congenital heart defects (CHD). The aims of this study were (1) to examine the dental plaque of children with CHD in order to quantify bacterial load and altered bacterial composition compared with children without CHD; and (2) to investigate the correlation between the level of caries and gingivitis and dental biofilm bacteria among those children. In this cross-sectional study, participants were children (3-12 years) recruited in Khartoum State, Sudan. A total of 80 CHD cases from the Ahmed Gasim Cardiac Centre and 80 healthy controls from randomly selected schools and kindergartens were included. Participants underwent clinical oral examinations for caries (decayed, missing, and filled teeth indices [DMFT] for primary dentition, and DMFT for permanent dentition), and gingivitis (simplified gingival index [GI]). Pooled dental biofilm samples were obtained from four posterior teeth using paper points. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used for the detection and quantification of , sanguinis, and . Checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization was used for the detection of 40 additional bacterial species. CHD cases had a significantly higher caries experience (DMFT = 4.1 vs. 2.3, < 0.05; DMFT = 1.4 vs. 0.7, < 0.05) and a higher mean number of examined teeth with gingivitis (4.2 vs. 2.0; < 0.05) compared with controls. counts were significantly higher among the CHD cases (< 0.05). Checkerboard results revealed that 18/40 bacterial species exhibited significantly higher mean counts among CHD cases ( < 0.01). Correlation analyses revealed that among CHD cases, the detection levels of subsp. subsp. , and subsp. were highly positively correlated with GI. CHD cases harbor more cariogenic and periodontopathogenic bacterial species in their dental plaque, which correlated with higher levels of caries and gingivitis.
很少有研究关注与先天性心脏病（CHD）患儿牙齿和牙龈健康恶化相关的细菌种类。本研究的目的是：（1）检查CHD患儿的牙菌斑，以量化细菌载量，并与非CHD患儿比较细菌组成的变化；（2）调查这些患儿中龋齿和牙龈炎水平与牙生物膜细菌之间的相关性。在这项横断面研究中，参与者为在苏丹喀土穆州招募的3至12岁儿童。纳入了艾哈迈德·加西姆心脏中心的80例CHD病例以及从随机选择的学校和幼儿园选取的80名健康对照。参与者接受了龋齿（乳牙列的龋失补牙指数[DMFT]和恒牙列的DMFT）和牙龈炎（简化牙龈指数[GI]）的临床口腔检查。使用纸尖从四颗后牙获取混合牙生物膜样本。采用实时定量聚合酶链反应检测和定量血链球菌、口腔链球菌和变异链球菌。使用棋盘式DNA-DNA杂交检测另外40种细菌。与对照组相比，CHD病例有显著更高的龋齿经历（乳牙列DMFT = 4.1对2.3，P < 0.05；恒牙列DMFT = 1.4对0.7，P < 0.05）以及更高的患牙龈炎检查牙齿平均数量（4.2对2.0；P < 0.05）。CHD病例中的变异链球菌计数显著更高（P < 0.05）。棋盘式检测结果显示，40种细菌中有18种在CHD病例中的平均计数显著更高（P < 0.01）。相关性分析显示，在CHD病例中，变形链球菌亚种、远缘链球菌亚种和血链球菌亚种的检测水平与GI高度正相关。CHD病例的牙菌斑中含有更多致龋和牙周致病细菌种类，这与更高的龋齿和牙龈炎水平相关。
