Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.
IdiPaz (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz), Madrid, Spain.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2018 Mar 2;73(3):333-339. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glw208.
Information about nutritional risk factors of functional limitation is scarce. The aim of this study was to examine the association between the Mediterranean diet and risk of physical function impairment in older adults.
We used data from 1,630 participants in the Seniors-ENRICA cohort aged ≥60 years. In 2008-2010, adherence to the Mediterranean diet pattern was measured with the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) and the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS). Study participants were followed up through 2012 to assess incident impairment in agility and mobility as well as impairment in overall physical functioning, defined as a ≥5-point decrease from baseline to follow-up in the physical component summary of the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey.
Over a median follow-up of 3.5 years, we identified 343 individuals with agility limitation, 212 with mobility limitation, and 457 with decreased overall physical functioning. No association was found between the MDS score and the likelihood of impaired agility or mobility, although a 2-point increment in the MDS score was marginally associated with lower likelihood for decreased overall physical function. Compared to individuals in the lowest tertile of the MEDAS score, those in the highest tertile showed a lower odds of agility limitation (odds ratio: 0.67, 95% confidence interval: 0.48; 0.94, p trend = .02), mobility limitation (odds ratio: 0.69, 95% confidence interval: 0.40; 0.88, p trend = .01), and decreased overall physical functioning (odds ratio: 0.60, 95% confidence interval: 0.45; 0.79, p trend < .001).
In this prospective cohort study, a Mediterranean-style dietary pattern, especially when measured with the MEDAS, was associated with a lower likelihood of physical function impairment in older adults.
关于功能障碍的营养风险因素的信息很少。本研究的目的是研究地中海饮食与老年人身体功能障碍风险之间的关系。
我们使用了 Seniors-ENRICA 队列中 1630 名年龄≥60 岁的参与者的数据。在 2008-2010 年，使用地中海饮食评分（MDS）和地中海饮食依从性筛查器（MEDAS）来衡量地中海饮食模式的依从性。研究参与者通过 2012 年的随访来评估敏捷性和移动能力以及整体身体功能的受损情况，这是根据 12 项简短健康调查的身体成分综合得分从基线到随访的≥5 分下降来定义的。
在中位数为 3.5 年的随访中，我们确定了 343 名敏捷性受限者、212 名移动能力受限者和 457 名整体身体功能下降者。MDS 评分与受损敏捷性或移动能力的可能性之间没有关联，尽管 MDS 评分增加 2 分与整体身体功能下降的可能性降低呈轻微相关。与 MEDAS 评分最低三分位的个体相比，最高三分位的个体表现出较低的敏捷性受限几率（比值比：0.67，95%置信区间：0.48；0.94，p 趋势=0.02）、移动能力受限几率（比值比：0.69，95%置信区间：0.40；0.88，p 趋势=0.01）和整体身体功能下降几率（比值比：0.60，95%置信区间：0.45；0.79，p 趋势<0.001）。
在这项前瞻性队列研究中，地中海式饮食模式，特别是当使用 MEDAS 测量时，与老年人身体功能障碍的可能性降低相关。
