Worthington Patricia, Balint Jane, Bechtold Matthew, Bingham Angela, Chan Lingtak-Neander, Durfee Sharon, Jevenn Andrea K, Malone Ainsley, Mascarenhas Maria, Robinson Daniel T, Holcombe Beverly
1 Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
2 Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2017 Mar;41(3):324-377. doi: 10.1177/0148607117695251. Epub 2017 Feb 1.
Parenteral nutrition (PN) represents one of the most notable achievements of modern medicine, serving as a therapeutic modality for all age groups across the healthcare continuum. PN offers a life-sustaining option when intestinal failure prevents adequate oral or enteral nutrition. However, providing nutrients by vein is an expensive form of nutrition support, and serious adverse events can occur. In an effort to provide clinical guidance regarding PN therapy, the Board of Directors of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) convened a task force to develop consensus recommendations regarding appropriate PN use. The recommendations contained in this document aim to delineate appropriate PN use and promote clinical benefits while minimizing the risks associated with the therapy. These consensus recommendations build on previous ASPEN clinical guidelines and consensus recommendations for PN safety. They are intended to guide evidence-based decisions regarding appropriate PN use for organizations and individual professionals, including physicians, nurses, dietitians, pharmacists, and other clinicians involved in providing PN. They not only support decisions related to initiating and managing PN but also serve as a guide for developing quality monitoring tools for PN and for identifying areas for further research. Finally, the recommendations contained within the document are also designed to inform decisions made by additional stakeholders, such as policy makers and third-party payers, by providing current perspectives regarding the use of PN in a variety of healthcare settings.
肠外营养（PN）是现代医学最显著的成就之一，在整个医疗保健过程中为所有年龄段的患者提供一种治疗方式。当肠道功能衰竭导致无法通过口服或肠内途径获得足够营养时，PN提供了一种维持生命的选择。然而，通过静脉提供营养是一种昂贵的营养支持形式，并且可能会发生严重的不良事件。为了提供有关PN治疗的临床指导，美国肠外和肠内营养学会（ASPEN）董事会召集了一个特别工作组，以就PN的合理使用制定共识性建议。本文件中的建议旨在明确PN的合理使用方法，促进临床效益，同时将与该治疗相关的风险降至最低。这些共识性建议基于ASPEN先前的临床指南以及PN安全性的共识性建议。它们旨在指导组织和个人专业人员（包括医生、护士、营养师、药剂师以及参与提供PN的其他临床医生）就PN的合理使用做出基于证据的决策。它们不仅支持与启动和管理PN相关的决策，还可作为开发PN质量监测工具以及确定进一步研究领域的指南。最后，文件中的建议还旨在通过提供有关PN在各种医疗保健环境中使用的当前观点，为其他利益相关者（如政策制定者和第三方支付方）的决策提供参考。
