McMechan Anthony J, Hein Gary L
Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0816 (
J Econ Entomol. 2017 Apr 1;110(2):355-361. doi: 10.1093/jee/tox028.
The wheat curl mite (Aceria tosichella Keifer) is the only known vector of three viruses in wheat-Wheat streak mosaic virus, Wheat mosaic virus, and Triticum mosaic virus. The economic impact of this disease complex is linked to the presence of suitable hosts prior to winter wheat maturing in early summer and the movement of wheat curl mite from wheat to oversummering hosts prior to wheat harvest. Previous research has documented the prevalence and density of mite populations on maturing wheat heads; however, these studies were limited to a few late stages of wheat. A study was conducted to evaluate mite population densities across all stages of head development to determine when wheat curl mites are most abundant and the relative increase in abundance over time. In addition, a study was conducted to evaluate the impact of rainfall on mite populations during wheat heading. A final study was conducted to determine the potential for direct infestation of seedlings germinating from wheat curl mite-infested wheat heads. Results showed a rapid buildup in mite populations from low densities in early heading and peaking at the hard dough stage, with nearly all wheat heads having some mite presence. In addition, high mite populations resulted in direct infestation of germinated seedlings from the early through hard dough stages. Rainfall applications had no observable impact on mite population densities in wheat heads. These results demonstrate the increased potential for mites to infest hosts prior to winter wheat maturing and illustrate the increased risk for these hosts to serve as oversummering hosts.
麦卷叶螨（Aceria tosichella Keifer）是已知的唯一能传播小麦三种病毒的媒介，即小麦线条花叶病毒、小麦花叶病毒和小麦镶嵌病毒。这种病害复合体的经济影响与冬小麦在初夏成熟前适宜寄主的存在以及小麦收获前麦卷叶螨从小麦向越夏寄主的迁移有关。以往的研究记录了成熟麦穗上螨类种群的流行程度和密度；然而，这些研究仅限于小麦的几个后期阶段。开展了一项研究，以评估麦穗发育各阶段的螨类种群密度，确定麦卷叶螨何时最为丰富以及其数量随时间的相对增长情况。此外，还开展了一项研究，以评估小麦抽穗期降雨对螨类种群的影响。最后开展了一项研究，以确定受麦卷叶螨侵染的麦穗上萌发的幼苗直接受侵染的可能性。结果表明，螨类种群数量从抽穗初期的低密度迅速增加，在硬面团期达到峰值，几乎所有麦穗上都有一些螨类存在。此外，螨类种群数量高导致从早期到硬面团期萌发的幼苗受到直接侵染。降雨对麦穗上的螨类种群密度没有明显影响。这些结果表明，在冬小麦成熟之前，螨类侵染寄主的可能性增加，也说明了这些寄主作为越夏寄主的风险增加。
