Maddatu Judith, Anderson-Baucum Emily, Evans-Molina Carmella
Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Ind.
Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, Ind.
Transl Res. 2017 Jun;184:101-107. doi: 10.1016/j.trsl.2017.02.004. Epub 2017 Mar 6.
Despite accumulating evidence demonstrating strong epidemiologic and mechanistic associations between cigarette smoking, hyperglycemia, and the development of type 2 diabetes, tobacco abuse has not been uniformly recognized as a modifiable risk factor in diabetes prevention or screening strategies. In this review, we highlight population-based studies that have linked cigarette smoking with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and summarize clinical and preclinical studies offering insight into mechanisms through which cigarette smoking and nicotine exposure impact body composition, insulin sensitivity, and pancreatic β cell function. Key questions for future studies are identified and strategies for smoking cessation as a means to decrease diabetes risk are discussed.
尽管越来越多的证据表明吸烟、高血糖与2型糖尿病的发生之间存在着强有力的流行病学和机制关联，但在糖尿病预防或筛查策略中，烟草滥用尚未被一致认定为一个可改变的风险因素。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了将吸烟与2型糖尿病风险增加联系起来的基于人群的研究，并总结了临床和临床前研究，这些研究深入探讨了吸烟和接触尼古丁影响身体成分、胰岛素敏感性和胰腺β细胞功能的机制。我们确定了未来研究的关键问题，并讨论了将戒烟作为降低糖尿病风险手段的策略。
