Ceccarelli Gabriele, Presta Rossella, Benedetti Laura, Cusella De Angelis Maria Gabriella, Lupi Saturnino Marco, Rodriguez Y Baena Ruggero
Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic, Human Anatomy Unit, University of Pavia, Via Forlanini 8, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Centre for Health Technologies (CHT), University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 5, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Department of Clinico-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Pavia, P.le Golgi 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Stem Cells Int. 2017;2017:4585401. doi: 10.1155/2017/4585401. Epub 2017 Feb 26.
Bone regeneration is currently one of the most important and challenging tissue engineering approaches in regenerative medicine. Bone regeneration is a promising approach in dentistry and is considered an ideal clinical strategy in treating diseases, injuries, and defects of the maxillofacial region. Advances in tissue engineering have resulted in the development of innovative scaffold designs, complemented by the progress made in cell-based therapies. In vitro bone regeneration can be achieved by the combination of stem cells, scaffolds, and bioactive factors. The biomimetic approach to create an ideal bone substitute provides strategies for developing combined scaffolds composed of adult stem cells with mesenchymal phenotype and different organic biomaterials (such as collagen and hyaluronic acid derivatives) or inorganic biomaterials such as manufactured polymers (polyglycolic acid (PGA), polylactic acid (PLA), and polycaprolactone). This review focuses on different biomaterials currently used in dentistry as scaffolds for bone regeneration in treating bone defects or in surgical techniques, such as sinus lift, horizontal and vertical bone grafts, or socket preservation. Our review would be of particular interest to medical and surgical researchers at the interface of cell biology, materials science, and tissue engineering, as well as industry-related manufacturers and researchers in healthcare, prosthetics, and 3D printing, too.
骨再生是目前再生医学中最重要且最具挑战性的组织工程方法之一。骨再生在牙科领域是一种很有前景的方法，被认为是治疗颌面部疾病、损伤和缺损的理想临床策略。组织工程学的进展带来了创新支架设计的发展，同时基于细胞的疗法也取得了进步。通过干细胞、支架和生物活性因子的组合可实现体外骨再生。创建理想骨替代物的仿生方法为开发由具有间充质表型的成体干细胞与不同有机生物材料（如胶原蛋白和透明质酸衍生物）或无机生物材料（如人造聚合物（聚乙醇酸（PGA）、聚乳酸（PLA）和聚己内酯））组成的组合支架提供了策略。本综述聚焦于目前牙科中用作骨再生支架以治疗骨缺损或用于诸如上颌窦提升、水平和垂直骨移植或牙槽窝保存等外科技术的不同生物材料。我们的综述对于细胞生物学、材料科学和组织工程交叉领域的医学和外科研究人员，以及医疗保健、假肢和3D打印行业相关的制造商和研究人员也将具有特别的意义。
