Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Water Res. 2017 May 15;115:360-369. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.02.057. Epub 2017 Mar 1.
Recreational waters and adjacent beach sands harbor complex microbial communities which may contain human pathogens that cannot be detected by conventional methods. Here, we investigate the diversity of bacterial populations inhabiting four freshwater beaches of the Great Lakes region using shotgun metagenomic sequencing approach. Our analysis suggests that average taxonomic richness and alpha diversity are significantly higher (P < 0.001) in beach sands compared to the corresponding water environments. Compared to the water environments, beach sands harbored taxa from a more diverse range of phyla, including a higher proportion of sequences from unclassified phyla. Unique phyla were also identified in sand which included species from Aquificae, Candidatus Microgenomates, Latescibacteria, and Candidatus Aminicenantes. Sequences originating from pathogens were detected in both sand and water, with some pathogens enriched in both environments. Both lakes exhibited similar community composition suggesting that geographic location did not appear to have any major impact on bacterial diversity. These findings reveal the diversity of bacterial communities of freshwater beaches and highlight the importance of monitoring pathogens in recreational beaches, especially in the sand environment of these beaches.
休闲水域和相邻的沙滩蕴藏着复杂的微生物群落，其中可能含有常规方法无法检测到的人类病原体。在这里，我们使用鸟枪法宏基因组测序方法研究了五大湖区四个淡水海滩上栖息的细菌种群的多样性。我们的分析表明，与相应的水环境相比，沙滩的平均分类丰富度和α多样性显著更高（P<0.001）。与水环境相比，沙滩中栖息的菌群来自更多不同的门，包括未分类门的序列比例更高。在沙中还鉴定到了独特的门，包括 Aquificae、Candidatus Microgenomates、Latescibacteria 和 Candidatus Aminicenantes 的物种。在沙和水中都检测到了源自病原体的序列，一些病原体在这两个环境中都有富集。两个湖泊表现出相似的群落组成，这表明地理位置似乎对细菌多样性没有任何重大影响。这些发现揭示了淡水海滩细菌群落的多样性，并强调了在休闲海滩，特别是在这些海滩的沙环境中监测病原体的重要性。
