1996 年至 2015 年中国大陆地区肺炎特异性五岁以下儿童死亡率的地域差异：一项基于人群的研究。

Geographic disparities in pneumonia-specific under-five mortality rates in Mainland China from 1996 to 2015: a population-based study.

机构信息

National Office for Maternal and Child Health Surveillance of China, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, China.

National Office for Maternal and Child Health Surveillance of China, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

出版信息

Int J Infect Dis. 2017 Jun;59:7-13. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2017.03.014. Epub 2017 Mar 22.

DOI:10.1016/j.ijid.2017.03.014

PMID:28342801

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

This study aimed to investigate the disparities in pneumonia-specific under-five mortality rates (U5MRs) among and within three geographic regions in Mainland China from 1996 to 2015.

METHODS

Data were obtained from the national Under-Five Child Mortality Surveillance System and grouped into 2-year periods. The Cochran-Armitage trend test and Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test were used to assess trends and differences in the pneumonia-specific U5MRs among and within geographic regions. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated.

RESULTS

The pneumonia-specific U5MR decreased by 90.6%, 89.0%, and 83.5% in East, Middle, and West China, respectively, with a larger decrease in rural areas. The pneumonia-specific U5MR was highest in West China, and was 7.2 (95% CI 5.9-8.7) times higher than that in East China in 2014-2015. In 2014-2015, the RRs were 1.7 (95% CI 1.2-2.5), 1.6 (95% CI 1.1-2.1), and 3.4 (95% CI 2.8-4.0) between rural and urban areas in East, Middle, and West China, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Pneumonia-specific U5MRs decreased from 1996 to 2015 across China, particularly in rural areas. However, disparities remained among and within geographic regions. Additional strategies and interventions should be introduced in West China, especially the rural areas, to further reduce the pneumonia-specific U5MR.

摘要

目的

本研究旨在探讨 1996 年至 2015 年间中国内地三个地理区域间和区域内五岁以下儿童肺炎死亡率（U5MR）的差异。

方法

数据来自全国五岁以下儿童死亡率监测系统，并分为两年期。采用 Cochran-Armitage 趋势检验和 Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel 检验评估地理区域间和区域内肺炎 U5MR 的趋势和差异。计算相对风险（RR）和 95%置信区间（95%CI）。

结果

东、中、西部地区肺炎 U5MR 分别下降 90.6%、89.0%和 83.5%，农村地区降幅更大。西部地区肺炎 U5MR 最高，2014-2015 年西部地区是东部地区的 7.2 倍（95%CI 5.9-8.7）。2014-2015 年，东部、中部和西部地区城乡 RR 分别为 1.7（95%CI 1.2-2.5）、1.6（95%CI 1.1-2.1）和 3.4（95%CI 2.8-4.0）。