Boschman J S, Noor A, Lundström R, Nilsson T, Sluiter J K, Hagberg M
Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy and University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2017 Aug;90(6):517-526. doi: 10.1007/s00420-017-1216-0. Epub 2017 Mar 25.
The purpose was to increase job-specific knowledge about individual and work-related factors and their relationship with current and future work ability (WA). We studied cross-sectional relationships between mental demands, physical exertion during work, grip strength, musculoskeletal pain in the upper extremities and WA and the relationships between these variables and WA 11 years later.
We used a dataset of a prospective cohort study (1997-2008) among employees of an engineering plant (n = 157). The cohort was surveyed by means of tests and written questions on work demands, musculoskeletal health, WA score (WAS; 0-10), and mental and physical WA. Spearman correlation coefficients and logistic regression analysis were used.
Among manual workers, we found weak correlations between grip strength and current and future physical WA. We did not find predictors for future poor WA among the manual workers. Among the office workers, we found that musculoskeletal pain was moderately and negatively related to current WAS and physical WA. More handgrip strength related to better future WAS and physical WA. Musculoskeletal pain (OR 1.67 p < 0.01) and lower handgrip strength (OR 0.91 p < 0.05) predicted future poor WA among office workers.
Our results showed cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between musculoskeletal health and work ability depending on occupation. However, the present implies that predicting work ability in the far future based on health surveillance data is rather difficult. Testing the musculoskeletal system (grip strength) and asking workers' about their musculoskeletal health seems relevant when monitoring work ability.
目的是增加关于个体及工作相关因素及其与当前和未来工作能力（WA）关系的特定工作知识。我们研究了心理需求、工作期间的体力消耗、握力、上肢肌肉骨骼疼痛与WA之间的横断面关系，以及这些变量与11年后WA之间的关系。
我们使用了一家工程工厂员工（n = 157）前瞻性队列研究（1997 - 2008年）的数据集。通过测试和关于工作需求、肌肉骨骼健康、WA评分（WAS；0 - 10）以及心理和身体WA的书面问题对该队列进行了调查。使用了斯皮尔曼相关系数和逻辑回归分析。
在体力劳动者中，我们发现握力与当前和未来的身体WA之间存在弱相关性。我们未在体力劳动者中找到未来工作能力差的预测因素。在办公室职员中，我们发现肌肉骨骼疼痛与当前的WAS和身体WA呈中度负相关。握力越强与未来更好的WAS和身体WA相关。肌肉骨骼疼痛（OR 1.67，p < 0.01）和较低的握力（OR 0.91，p < 0.05）预测办公室职员未来工作能力差。
我们的结果显示了根据职业不同，肌肉骨骼健康与工作能力之间的横断面和纵向关系。然而，目前这意味着基于健康监测数据预测远期工作能力相当困难。在监测工作能力时，检测肌肉骨骼系统（握力）并询问工人的肌肉骨骼健康状况似乎是相关的。
