Serefoglu Abdullah, Sekir Ufuk, Gür Hakan, Akova Bedrettin
Medical School of Uludag University , Department of Sports Medicine, Bursa, Turkey.
J Sports Sci Med. 2017 Mar 1;16(1):6-13. eCollection 2017 Mar.
The aim of this study was to investigate if static and dynamic stretching exercises of the knee muscles (quadriceps and hamstring muscles) have any effects on concentric and eccentric isokinetic peak torques and electromyographic amplitudes (EMG) of the antagonist muscles. Twenty healthy male athletes (age between 18-30 years) voluntarily participated in this study. All of the subjects visited the laboratory to complete the following intervention in a randomized order on 5 separate days; (a) non-stretching (control), (b) static stretching of the quadriceps muscles, (c) static stretching of the hamstring muscles, (d) dynamic stretching of the quadriceps muscles, and (e) dynamic stretching of the hamstring muscles. Static stretching exercises either for the quadriceps or the hamstring muscles were carried out at the standing and sitting positions. Subjects performed four successive repetitions of each stretching exercises for 30 seconds in both stretching positions. Similar to static stretching exercises two different stretching modes were designed for dynamic stretching exercises. Concentric and eccentric isokinetic peak torque for the non-stretched antagonist quadriceps or hamstring muscles at angular velocities of 60°/sec and 240°/sec and their concurrent electromyographic (EMG) activities were measured before and immediately after the intervention. Isokinetic peak torques of the non-stretched agonist hamstring and quadriceps muscles did not represent any significant (p > 0.05) differences following static and dynamic stretching of the antagonist quadriceps and hamstring muscles, respectively. Similarly, the EMG activities of the agonist muscles exhibited no significant alterations (p > 0.05) following both stretching exercises of the antagonist muscles. According to the results of the present study it is possible to state that antagonist stretching exercises either in the static or dynamic modes do not affect the isokinetic peak torques and the EMG activities of the non-stretched agonist quadriceps or hamstring muscles.
本研究的目的是调查膝关节肌肉（股四头肌和腘绳肌）的静态和动态拉伸运动是否对拮抗肌的向心和离心等速峰值扭矩以及肌电图振幅（EMG）有任何影响。20名健康男性运动员（年龄在18至30岁之间）自愿参与了本研究。所有受试者在5个不同的日子里以随机顺序到实验室完成以下干预；（a）不拉伸（对照），（b）股四头肌静态拉伸，（c）腘绳肌静态拉伸，（d）股四头肌动态拉伸，以及（e）腘绳肌动态拉伸。股四头肌或腘绳肌的静态拉伸运动在站立和坐姿下进行。受试者在两个拉伸位置对每个拉伸运动连续进行4次重复，每次30秒。与静态拉伸运动类似，为动态拉伸运动设计了两种不同的拉伸模式。在干预前后，测量了未拉伸的拮抗股四头肌或腘绳肌在60°/秒和240°/秒角速度下的向心和离心等速峰值扭矩及其同时的肌电图（EMG）活动。在分别对拮抗股四头肌和腘绳肌进行静态和动态拉伸后，未拉伸的主动腘绳肌和股四头肌的等速峰值扭矩没有表现出任何显著（p>0.05）差异。同样，在对拮抗肌进行两种拉伸运动后，主动肌的EMG活动也没有表现出显著变化（p>0.05）。根据本研究的结果，可以指出，无论是静态还是动态模式的拮抗肌拉伸运动都不会影响未拉伸的主动股四头肌或腘绳肌的等速峰值扭矩和EMG活动。
