Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Johns Hopkins University, Carey Business School, 100 International Dr, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA.
Sleep Health. 2017 Apr;3(2):126-131. doi: 10.1016/j.sleh.2017.01.001. Epub 2017 Jan 16.
The objective of this study was to assess the impact of wearing an actigraph and receiving personalized feedback on the sleep of a high-risk occupational group: United States soldiers recently returned from a combat deployment.
Following a baseline survey with a full sample, a subsample of soldiers wore an actigraph, received feedback, and completed a brief survey. Two months later, the full sample completed a follow-up survey. The actigraph intervention involved wearing an actigraph for 3 weeks and then receiving a personalized report about sleep patterns and an algorithm-based estimate of cognitive functioning derived from individual sleep patterns.
Propensity score matching with a genetic search algorithm revealed that subjects in the actigraph condition (n=43) reported fewer sleep problems (t value = -2.55, P<.01) and getting more sleep hours (t value =1.97, P<.05) at follow-up than those in a matched comparison condition (n=43, weighted). There were no significant differences in functioning, somatic symptoms, and mental health outcomes (posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and depression). A significant interaction indicated that the actigraph had a more beneficial effect on those with more somatic symptoms at baseline but not those with more sleep problems. Most participants rated the personalized report as helpful.
Actigraphs combined with personalized reports may offer a useful, simple intervention to improve the sleep patterns of large, high-risk occupational groups.
本研究旨在评估佩戴活动监测仪并提供个性化反馈对高危职业群体（即刚从战斗部署中返回的美国士兵）睡眠的影响。
在对全体样本进行基线调查后，一组士兵佩戴活动监测仪、接收反馈并完成简短调查。两个月后，全体样本完成了随访调查。该活动监测仪干预措施包括佩戴活动监测仪 3 周，然后接收关于睡眠模式的个性化报告和基于个体睡眠模式的认知功能算法估计。
采用遗传搜索算法进行倾向评分匹配后发现，活动监测仪组（n=43）与匹配对照组（n=43，加权）相比，在随访时报告睡眠问题更少（t 值=-2.55，P<.01）且睡眠时间更长（t 值=1.97，P<.05）。在功能、躯体症状和心理健康结果（创伤后应激障碍症状和抑郁）方面无显著差异。显著的交互作用表明，对于基线时躯体症状较多的患者，活动监测仪的效果更好，但对睡眠问题较多的患者则没有。大多数参与者认为个性化报告有帮助。
活动监测仪与个性化报告相结合可能为改善大型高危职业群体的睡眠模式提供一种有用、简单的干预措施。
