Kohan-Baghkheirati Eisa, Geisler-Lee Jane
Department of Plant Biology, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA.
Department of Biology, Golestan University, Gorgan 49138-15739, Iran.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2015 Mar 27;5(2):436-467. doi: 10.3390/nano5020436.
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been widely used in industry due to their unique physical and chemical properties. However, AgNPs have caused environmental concerns. To understand the risks of AgNPs, microarray data for AgNP, Ag⁺, cold, salt, heat and drought stresses were analyzed. Up- and down-regulated genes of more than two-fold expression change were compared, while the encoded proteins of shared and unique genes between stresses were subjected to differential enrichment analyses. AgNPs affected the fewest genes (575) in the genome, followed by Ag⁺ (1010), heat (1374), drought (1435), salt (4133) and cold (6536). More genes were up-regulated than down-regulated in AgNPs and Ag⁺ (438 and 780, respectively) while cold down-regulated the most genes (4022). Responses to AgNPs were more similar to those of Ag⁺ (464 shared genes), cold (202), and salt (163) than to drought (50) or heat (30); the genes in the first four stresses were enriched with 32 PFAM domains and 44 InterPro protein classes. Moreover, 111 genes were unique in AgNPs and they were enriched in three biological functions: response to fungal infection, anion transport, and cell wall/plasma membrane related. Despite shared similarity to Ag⁺, cold and salt stresses, AgNPs are a new stressor to .
由于其独特的物理和化学性质，银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）已在工业中广泛使用。然而，AgNPs已引发环境问题。为了解AgNPs的风险，对AgNP、Ag⁺、寒冷、盐、热和干旱胁迫的微阵列数据进行了分析。比较了表达变化超过两倍的上调和下调基因，同时对胁迫之间共享和独特基因的编码蛋白进行了差异富集分析。AgNPs在基因组中影响的基因最少（575个），其次是Ag⁺（1010个）、热（1374个）、干旱（1435个）、盐（4133个）和寒冷（6536个）。在AgNPs和Ag⁺中，上调的基因多于下调的基因（分别为438个和780个），而寒冷下调的基因最多（4022个）。与干旱（50个）或热（30个）相比，对AgNPs的反应与Ag⁺（464个共享基因）、寒冷（202个）和盐（163个）的反应更相似；前四种胁迫中的基因富含32个PFAM结构域和44个InterPro蛋白类别。此外，111个基因在AgNPs中是独特的，它们富集于三种生物学功能：对真菌感染的反应、阴离子转运以及与细胞壁/质膜相关的功能。尽管与Ag⁺、寒冷和盐胁迫有共同的相似性，但AgNPs对……来说是一种新的胁迫因素。
