Song You, Villeneuve Daniel L, Toyota Kenji, Iguchi Taisen, Tollefsen Knut Erik
Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Section of Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment, Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway.
US EPA Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, Minnesota 55804, United States.
Environ Sci Technol. 2017 Apr 18;51(8):4142-4157. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.7b00480. Epub 2017 Apr 10.
Molting is critical for growth, development, reproduction, and survival in arthropods. Complex neuroendocrine pathways are involved in the regulation of molting and may potentially become targets of environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Based on several known ED mechanisms, a wide range of pesticides has been developed to combat unwanted organisms in food production activities such as agriculture and aquaculture. Meanwhile, these chemicals may also pose hazards to nontarget species by causing molting defects, and thus potentially affecting the health of the ecosystems. The present review summarizes the available knowledge on molting-related endocrine regulation and chemically mediated disruption in arthropods (with special focus on insects and crustaceans), to identify research gaps and develop a mechanistic model for assessing environmental hazards of these compounds. Based on the review, multiple targets of EDCs in the molting processes were identified and the link between mode of action (MoA) and adverse effects characterized to inform future studies. An adverse outcome pathway (AOP) describing ecdysone receptor agonism leading to incomplete ecdysis associated mortality was developed according to the OECD guideline and subjected to weight of evidence considerations by evolved Bradford Hill Criteria. This review proposes the first invertebrate ED AOP and may serve as a knowledge foundation for future environmental studies and AOP development.
蜕皮对于节肢动物的生长、发育、繁殖和生存至关重要。复杂的神经内分泌途径参与蜕皮调节，并且可能成为环境内分泌干扰化学物质（EDCs）的作用靶点。基于几种已知的内分泌干扰机制，人们开发了多种农药来防治农业和水产养殖等食品生产活动中不需要的生物。与此同时，这些化学物质也可能通过导致蜕皮缺陷对非靶标物种构成危害，从而潜在地影响生态系统的健康。本综述总结了节肢动物（特别关注昆虫和甲壳类动物）中与蜕皮相关的内分泌调节和化学介导干扰的现有知识，以识别研究空白并建立一个评估这些化合物环境危害的机制模型。基于该综述，确定了EDCs在蜕皮过程中的多个作用靶点，并对作用模式（MoA）与不良影响之间的联系进行了表征，以为未来的研究提供参考。根据经合组织指南制定了一条描述蜕皮激素受体激动导致不完全蜕皮相关死亡的不良结局途径（AOP），并通过改进的布拉德福德·希尔标准进行了证据权重考量。本综述提出了首个无脊椎动物内分泌干扰AOP，可为未来的环境研究和AOP开发提供知识基础。
