Matsuda Kensuke, Ikeda Shou, Mitsutake Tsubasa, Nakahara Masami, Nagai Yoshiharu, Ikeda Takuro, Horikawa Etsuo
Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, Japan; Division of Cognitive Neuropsychology Graduate School of Medicine, Saga University, Japan.
Department of Rehabilitation, Takaki Hospital, Japan.
J Phys Ther Sci. 2017 Mar;29(3):470-475. doi: 10.1589/jpts.29.470. Epub 2017 Mar 22.
[Purpose] Prevention of dementia requires early intervention against it. To ensure that early interventions are effective it is crucial to study the cognitive functions related to dementia in young adulthood. Moreover, it is needed not only to verify the cognitive function test but also to elucidate the actual brain activity and the influence of related factors on the brain activity. To investigate the factors influencing cognitive function among young adults and examine the differences in executive function by physical activity level. [Subjects and Methods] Forty healthy university students (mean age, 20.4 years) were classified into two groups by cognitive function score (HIGH and LOW), determined according to Trail Making Test performance and Stroop task processing time. We then assessed what factors were related to cognitive function by logistic regression analysis. Executive function was determined by brain blood flow using near-infrared spectroscopy during the Stroop task, and was then compared by physical activity levels (determined according to number of steps per hour). [Results] Full-scale Intelligence Quotient according to the 3rd Wechsler Adult Intelligent Scale and number of steps per hour influenced cognitive function score, with odds ratios of 1.104 and 1.012, respectively. Oxy-hemoglobin concentrations in areas related to executive function during the Stroop task were significantly higher among those in the high physical activity group than among those in the low physical activity group. [Conclusion] The study revealed that Full-scale Intelligence Quotient and a number of steps per hour are factors associated with the cognitive functions in young adulthood. In addition, activity in execution function related area was found to be significantly higher in the high physical activity group than in the low physical activity group, suggesting the importance of physical activity for enhancing young adulthood cognitive functions.
[目的]预防痴呆症需要对其进行早期干预。为确保早期干预有效，研究青年期与痴呆症相关的认知功能至关重要。此外，不仅需要验证认知功能测试，还需要阐明实际的大脑活动以及相关因素对大脑活动的影响。调查影响青年认知功能的因素，并按身体活动水平检查执行功能的差异。[对象与方法]40名健康大学生（平均年龄20.4岁）根据连线测验表现和斯特鲁普任务处理时间确定的认知功能得分分为两组（高分组和低分组）。然后通过逻辑回归分析评估哪些因素与认知功能相关。在斯特鲁普任务期间使用近红外光谱法通过脑血流量确定执行功能，然后按身体活动水平（根据每小时步数确定）进行比较。[结果]根据第三次韦氏成人智力量表得出的全量表智商和每小时步数影响认知功能得分，优势比分别为1.104和1.012。在斯特鲁普任务期间，高身体活动组中与执行功能相关区域的氧合血红蛋白浓度显著高于低身体活动组。[结论]该研究表明全量表智商和每小时步数是与青年期认知功能相关的因素。此外，发现高身体活动组中执行功能相关区域的活动明显高于低身体活动组，这表明身体活动对增强青年期认知功能的重要性。
