Department of Psychology, REACH Institute, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 871104, Tempe, AZ, 85287-1104, USA.
Prev Sci. 2018 Jul;19(5):620-629. doi: 10.1007/s11121-017-0783-3.
We examined attendance trajectories among mothers and fathers in the effectiveness trial of the New Beginnings Program, a parenting-focused prevention program for divorced and separated parents. We also investigated attendance trajectory class differences on two sets of pretest covariates: one set previously linked to participation in programs not specifically targeting divorced parents (i.e., sociodemographics, perceived parenting skills, child problem behaviors, parent psychological distress) and another that might be particularly salient to participation in the context of divorce (i.e., interparental conflict, level of parent-child contact, previous marital status to the ex-spouse). For mothers and fathers, results supported four attendance trajectory classes: (1) non-attenders (NA), (2) early dropouts (ED), (3) declining attenders (DA), and (4) sustained attenders (SA). In the final model testing multiple covariates simultaneously, mothers who were EDs and DAs were more likely to be Latina than SAs, and EDs reported more interparental conflict than SAs. Mother trajectory groups did not differ on parenting skills, child problem behavior, or mother-child contact in the final or preliminary models. In the final model for fathers, EDs rated their children higher on externalizing than DAs, had less contact with their children than DAs and NAs, and reported less distress than SAs. Father trajectory groups did not differ on fathers' age, ethnicity, income, perceived parenting skills, or interparental conflict in the final or preliminary models. Results highlight qualitatively distinct latent classes of mothers and fathers who disengage from a parenting intervention at various points. We discuss implications for intervention engagement strategies and translational science.
我们在“新起点计划”（New Beginnings Program）的效果试验中研究了父母的出勤率轨迹，这是一个针对离婚和分居父母的以育儿为重点的预防计划。我们还调查了两组预测试协变量的出勤轨迹类别差异：一组与参加非专门针对离婚父母的项目有关（即社会人口统计学、感知育儿技能、儿童问题行为、父母心理困扰），另一组可能与参加离婚背景下的项目特别相关（即父母间的冲突、父母与子女的接触程度、与前妻/前夫的先前婚姻状况）。对于母亲和父亲，结果支持四种出勤轨迹类别：（1）非出席者（NA），（2）早期退出者（ED），（3）出勤率下降者（DA）和（4）持续出席者（SA）。在同时测试多个协变量的最终模型中，ED 和 DA 的母亲比 SA 更有可能是拉丁裔，ED 比 SA 报告了更多的父母间冲突。在最终或初步模型中，母亲轨迹组在育儿技能、儿童问题行为或母子接触方面没有差异。在父亲的最终模型中，ED 比 DA 认为他们的孩子有更多的外化问题，与 DA 和 NA 相比，与孩子的接触较少，与 SA 相比，报告的困扰较少。在最终或初步模型中，父亲轨迹组在父亲的年龄、种族、收入、感知育儿技能或父母间冲突方面没有差异。结果突出了在不同时间从育儿干预中脱离的母亲和父亲的定性不同的潜在类别。我们讨论了对干预参与策略和转化科学的影响。
