Hwang Kum-Lok, Choi Sang-Min, Kim Moon-Kyung, Heo Jong-Bae, Zoh Kyung-Duk
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea.
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea.
J Environ Manage. 2017 Jul 1;196:710-718. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.03.071. Epub 2017 Mar 31.
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission factors previously reported from various waste incineration plants have shown significant variations according to country-specific, plant-specific, and operational conditions. The purpose of this study is to estimate GHG emissions and emission factors at nine incineration facilities in Korea by measuring the GHG concentrations in the flue gas samples. The selected incineration plants had different operation systems (i.e., stoker, fluidized bed, moving grate, rotary kiln, and kiln & stoker), and different nitrogen oxide (NO) removal systems (i.e., selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR)) to treat municipal solid waste (MSW), commercial solid waste (CSW), and specified waste (SW). The total mean emission factors for A and B facilities for MSW incineration were found to be 134 ± 17 kg CO ton, 88 ± 36 g CH ton, and 69 ± 16 g NO ton, while those for CSW incineration were 22.56 g CH ton and 259.76 g NO ton, and for SW incineration emission factors were 2959 kg CO ton, 43.44 g CH ton and 401.21 g NO ton, respectively. Total emissions calculated using annual incineration for MSW were 3587 ton CO-eq yr for A facility and 11,082 ton CO-eq yr for B facility, while those of IPCC default values were 13,167 ton COeq yr for A facility and 32,916 ton COeq yr, indicating that the emissions of IPCC default values were estimated higher than those of the plant-specific emission factors. The emission of CSW for C facility was 1403 ton CO-eq yr, while those of SW for D to I facilities was 28,830 ton CO-eq yr. The sensitivity analysis using a Monte Carlo simulation for GHG emission factors in MSW showed that the GHG concentrations have a greater impact than the incineration amount and flow rate of flue gas. For MSW incineration plants using the same stoker type in operation, the estimated emissions and emission factors of CH showed the opposite trend with those of NO when the NO removal system was used, whereas there was no difference in CO emissions.
先前报道的来自各个垃圾焚烧厂的温室气体（GHG）排放因子，已显示出因国家、工厂以及运行条件的不同而存在显著差异。本研究的目的是通过测量烟气样本中的温室气体浓度，来估算韩国九家焚烧设施的温室气体排放量及排放因子。所选的焚烧厂具有不同的运行系统（即炉排炉、流化床、移动炉排、回转窑以及窑炉和炉排炉），以及不同的氮氧化物（NO）去除系统（即选择性催化还原（SCR）和选择性非催化还原（SNCR）），用于处理城市固体废物（MSW）、商业固体废物（CSW）和特定废物（SW）。发现A和B设施用于MSW焚烧的总平均排放因子分别为134±17千克二氧化碳/吨、88±36克甲烷/吨和69±16克氮氧化物/吨，而CSW焚烧的总平均排放因子分别为22.56克甲烷/吨和259.76克氮氧化物/吨，SW焚烧的排放因子分别为2959千克二氧化碳/吨、43.44克甲烷/吨和401.21克氮氧化物/吨。使用MSW年焚烧量计算得出的A设施总排放量为3587吨二氧化碳当量/年，B设施为11,082吨二氧化碳当量/年，而IPCC默认值的排放量，A设施为13,167吨二氧化碳当量/年，B设施为32,916吨二氧化碳当量/年，这表明IPCC默认值估算的排放量高于特定工厂排放因子的排放量。C设施的CSW排放量为1403吨二氧化碳当量/年，而D至I设施的SW排放量为28,830吨二氧化碳当量/年。对MSW中温室气体排放因子进行蒙特卡罗模拟的敏感性分析表明，温室气体浓度比焚烧量和烟气流速的影响更大。对于运行中使用相同炉排炉类型的MSW焚烧厂，当使用NO去除系统时，CH的估算排放量和排放因子与NO呈现相反趋势，而CO排放量则没有差异。
