Jasmonic acid-related resistance in tomato mediates interactions between whitefly and whitefly-transmitted virus.

The indirect interactions between insect vectors, such as whiteflies, and the viruses they transmit, such as begomoviruses, via host plants may produce a range of outcome depending on the species/strain of each of the three organisms involved, and the mechanisms underlying the variations are not well understood. Here, we observed the performance of whiteflies on three types of tomato, which vary in level of jasmonic acid (JA)-related resistance and were either uninfected or infected by a begomovirus, to investigate the role of JA-related resistance in mediating whitefly-begomovirus interactions. Compared to the performance of whiteflies on plants of the wild type, the performance was elevated on plants deficient in JA-related resistance but reduced on plants with a high level of JA-related resistance. Further, on plants with a high level of JA-related resistance, the whitefly performed better on virus-infected than on uninfected plants; however, on tomato plants deficient in JA-related resistance, whitefly performance was less affected by the virus-infection of plants. Additionally, the expression of the JA-regulated defense gene PI-II in tomato plants was repressed by virus infection. These findings suggest that JA-related resistance plays an important role in the tripartite interactions between whitefly, begomovirus and tomato plant.