Nguyen Thuan H, Park Matthew D, Otto Michael
Pathogen Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD, USA.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2017 Mar 21;7:90. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00090. eCollection 2017.
The majority of research in the field has been dedicated to the understanding of infections. In contrast, there is limited information on infections by coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS) and how the host responds to them. , a member of the coagulase-negative Staphylococci, is an important commensal organism of the human skin and mucous membranes; and there is emerging evidence of its benefit for human health in fighting off harmful microorganisms. However, can cause opportunistic infections, which include particularly biofilm-associated infections on indwelling medical devices. These often can disseminate into the bloodstream; and in fact, is the most frequent cause of nosocomial sepsis. The increasing use of medical implants and the dramatic shift in the patient demographic population in recent years have contributed significantly to the rise of infections. Furthermore, treatment has been complicated by the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains. Today, is a major nosocomial pathogen posing significant medical and economic burdens. In this review, we present the current understanding of mechanisms of host defense against the prototypical CoNS species as a commensal of the skin and mucous membranes, and during biofilm-associated infection and sepsis.
该领域的大多数研究都致力于对感染的理解。相比之下，关于凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（CoNS）感染以及宿主如何对其作出反应的信息有限。表皮葡萄球菌是凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌的一种，是人类皮肤和黏膜的重要共生菌；越来越多的证据表明它在抵御有害微生物方面对人类健康有益。然而，表皮葡萄球菌可引起机会性感染，尤其包括与留置医疗器械相关的生物膜感染。这些感染常常会扩散到血液中；事实上，表皮葡萄球菌是医院败血症最常见的病因。近年来，医疗植入物的使用增加以及患者人群结构的巨大变化，都显著促成了表皮葡萄球菌感染的增加。此外，抗生素耐药菌株的出现使治疗变得复杂。如今，表皮葡萄球菌是一种主要的医院病原体，带来了重大的医疗和经济负担。在本综述中，我们阐述了目前对宿主抵御作为皮肤和黏膜共生菌的典型CoNS物种表皮葡萄球菌以及在生物膜相关感染和败血症期间的防御机制的理解。
