Raboisson Didier, Barbier Maxime
IHAP, INRA, ENVT, Université de Toulouse , Toulouse , France.
Front Vet Sci. 2017 Mar 14;4:35. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2017.00035. eCollection 2017.
The prevention of subclinical ketosis (SCK) is based on maintaining adequate nutrition in dairy cows during the dry period and close to calving. Recently, an oral-route monensin bolus to prevent SCK was approved in Europe. The present study aims to define the allocation of resources for SCK management at the herd level and evaluate the profitability of administering monensin boluses in cows at risk for SCK. A stochastic model was used to calculate the total cost of SCK for a population with a given prevalence of cows at risk for SCK. This model included the ability of the farmer to correctly target and preventatively treat these cows at risk for SCK. The results clearly demonstrated economic synergy between two management practices. First, reducing the prevalence of cows at risk for SCK dramatically reduces the total cost of SCK and seems profitable in most situations. Second, monensin bolus use to reduce the occurrence of SCK in cows already at risk for SCK is cost-effective. The results also highlighted three economic strategies to manage SCK in the dairy industry in Europe. First, monensin bolus use throughout an entire herd when the prevalence of cows at risk for SCK is high is only profitable in the short-term as a tool to correct acute deterioration at the herd level. Second, decreasing the prevalence of cows at risk for SCK through adequate feeding in the dry period is of financial interest as a baseline strategy when prevalence is high, assuming moderate additional cost linked to the new diet. Third, monensin bolus use when the prevalence of cows at risk for SCK is low is also profitable as a long-term strategy when only cows at high risk for SCK (such as cows that are over-conditioned, old, or have a previous history of SCK-related disorders) are targeted for preventative treatment. Authors suggest to use the present results considering that farmers have a correct, but not perfect, ability to target animals to be preventively targeted with the monensin bolus. Further work is required to facilitate the early identification of cows at risk for SCK.
亚临床酮病（SCK）的预防基于在干奶期及临近产犊时维持奶牛充足的营养。最近，一种用于预防SCK的口服莫能菌素大丸剂在欧洲获批。本研究旨在确定畜群水平上SCK管理的资源分配，并评估对有SCK风险的奶牛施用莫能菌素大丸剂的盈利能力。使用随机模型计算具有给定SCK风险奶牛患病率的群体中SCK的总成本。该模型包括农民正确识别并预防性治疗这些有SCK风险奶牛的能力。结果清楚地表明了两种管理措施之间的经济协同效应。首先，降低有SCK风险奶牛的患病率可大幅降低SCK的总成本，并且在大多数情况下似乎是有利可图的。其次，使用莫能菌素大丸剂来减少已有SCK风险奶牛的SCK发生率具有成本效益。结果还突出了欧洲乳业管理SCK的三种经济策略。首先，当有SCK风险奶牛的患病率很高时，在整个畜群中使用莫能菌素大丸剂仅在短期内作为纠正畜群水平急性恶化的工具才有利可图。其次，在干奶期通过适当饲养来降低有SCK风险奶牛的患病率，在患病率较高时作为基线策略具有经济意义，前提是新日粮会带来适度的额外成本。第三，当有SCK风险奶牛的患病率较低时，仅对SCK高风险奶牛（如过度肥胖、老龄或有SCK相关疾病既往史的奶牛）进行预防性治疗时，使用莫能菌素大丸剂作为长期策略也是有利可图的。作者建议在考虑农民有正确但并非完美的能力来识别应使用莫能菌素大丸剂进行预防性治疗的动物的情况下应用当前结果。还需要进一步开展工作以促进对有SCK风险奶牛的早期识别。
