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通过光谱、衍射和色谱分析工具的组合来识别古纸莎草纸。

Recognizing ancient papyri by a combination of spectroscopic, diffractional and chromatographic analytical tools.

机构信息

Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Chemistry, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland.

BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Unter den Eichen 44-46, 12203, Berlin, Germany.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2017 Apr 6;7:46236. doi: 10.1038/srep46236.

DOI:10.1038/srep46236
PMID:28382971
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5382779/
Abstract

Ancient papyri are a written heritage of culture that flourished more than 3000 years ago in Egypt. One of the most significant collections in the world is housed in the Egyptian Museum and Papyrus Collection in Berlin, from where the samples for our investigation come. The papyrologists, curators and conservators of such collections search intensely for the analytical detail that would allow ancient papyri to be distinguished from modern fabrications, in order to detect possible forgeries, assess papyrus deterioration state, and improve the design of storage conditions and conservation methods. This has become the aim of our investigation. The samples were studied by a number of methods, including spectroscopic (FTIR, fluorescent-FS, Raman) diffractional (XRD) and chromatographic (size exclusion chromatography-SEC), selected in order to determine degradation parameters: overall oxidation of lignocellulosic material, degree of polymerization and crystallinity of cellulose. The results were correlated with those obtained from carefully selected model samples including modern papyri and paper of different composition aged at elevated temperature in humid air. The methods were classified in the order SEC > FS > FTIR > XRD, based on their effectiveness in discriminating the state of papyri degradation. However, the most trustworthy evaluation of the age of papyri samples should rely on several methods.

摘要

古纸莎草纸是一种文化的书面遗产，它在 3000 多年前的埃及蓬勃发展。世界上最重要的古纸莎草纸收藏之一是在柏林的埃及博物馆和纸莎草纸收藏馆，我们的研究样本就来自这里。这些收藏的纸莎草纸学家、馆长和文物保护者，积极寻找分析细节，以便将古纸莎草纸与现代伪造品区分开来，从而发现可能的伪造品，评估纸莎草纸的劣化状态，并改进存储条件和保护方法的设计。这就是我们研究的目标。研究人员采用了多种方法对样本进行研究，包括光谱学（FTIR、荧光-FS、拉曼）、衍射学（XRD）和色谱学（尺寸排阻色谱法-SEC），这些方法的选择是为了确定降解参数：木质纤维素材料的总氧化程度、纤维素的聚合度和结晶度。研究人员将这些结果与精心挑选的模型样本的结果进行了相关联，这些模型样本包括在潮湿空气中高温老化的不同组成的现代纸莎草纸和纸张。基于这些方法在区分纸莎草纸降解状态方面的有效性，将这些方法进行了排序，从最有效的 SEC > FS > FTIR > XRD。然而，要评估纸莎草纸样本的年代，最可靠的方法应该是综合使用几种方法。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7162/5382779/f6678ab6e3a7/srep46236-f7.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7162/5382779/8353245e461b/srep46236-f1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7162/5382779/21da09e3d4cf/srep46236-f2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7162/5382779/e87db6524660/srep46236-f3.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7162/5382779/5b315759d185/srep46236-f4.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7162/5382779/4fb037c837e1/srep46236-f5.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7162/5382779/7c82b6410b4a/srep46236-f6.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7162/5382779/f6678ab6e3a7/srep46236-f7.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7162/5382779/8353245e461b/srep46236-f1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7162/5382779/21da09e3d4cf/srep46236-f2.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7162/5382779/e87db6524660/srep46236-f3.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7162/5382779/5b315759d185/srep46236-f4.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7162/5382779/4fb037c837e1/srep46236-f5.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7162/5382779/7c82b6410b4a/srep46236-f6.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7162/5382779/f6678ab6e3a7/srep46236-f7.jpg

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