Kehagia Angie A, Ye Rong, Joyce Dan W, Doyle Orla M, Rowe James B, Robbins Trevor W
King's College London.
University of Cambridge.
J Cogn Neurosci. 2017 Aug;29(8):1390-1401. doi: 10.1162/jocn_a_01130. Epub 2017 Apr 7.
Cognitive control has traditionally been associated with pFC based on observations of deficits in patients with frontal lesions. However, evidence from patients with Parkinson disease indicates that subcortical regions also contribute to control under certain conditions. We scanned 17 healthy volunteers while they performed a task-switching paradigm that previously dissociated performance deficits arising from frontal lesions in comparison with Parkinson disease, as a function of the abstraction of the rules that are switched. From a multivoxel pattern analysis by Gaussian Process Classification, we then estimated the forward (generative) model to infer regional patterns of activity that predict Switch/Repeat behavior between rule conditions. At 1000 permutations, Switch/Repeat classification accuracy for concrete rules was significant in the BG, but at chance in the frontal lobe. The inverse pattern was obtained for abstract rules, whereby the conditions were successfully discriminated in the frontal lobe but not in the BG. This double dissociation highlights the difference between cortical and subcortical contributions to cognitive control and demonstrates the utility of multivariate approaches in investigations of functions that rely on distributed and overlapping neural substrates.
传统上，基于对额叶病变患者缺陷的观察，认知控制一直与前额叶皮质相关联。然而，帕金森病患者的证据表明，在某些情况下，皮质下区域也有助于控制。我们对17名健康志愿者进行了扫描，他们执行了一种任务切换范式，该范式先前将额叶病变引起的表现缺陷与帕金森病进行了区分，这是作为所切换规则抽象程度的函数。然后，通过高斯过程分类的多体素模式分析，我们估计了前向（生成）模型，以推断预测规则条件之间切换/重复行为的区域活动模式。在1000次置换时，具体规则的切换/重复分类准确率在基底神经节中显著，但在额叶中处于随机水平。对于抽象规则，得到了相反的模式，即在额叶中条件能够成功区分，但在基底神经节中则不能。这种双重分离突出了皮质和皮质下对认知控制贡献的差异，并证明了多变量方法在依赖分布式和重叠神经基质的功能研究中的效用。
