老年人的口腔健康与营养状况之间的关联：一项横断面研究。
The association between oral health and nutritional status in older adults: a cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Université de Bordeaux, UFR d'Odontologie, Bordeaux, France.
CHU de Bordeaux, Pôle de médecine et chirurgie bucco-dentaire, Bordeaux, France.
出版信息
BMC Geriatr. 2022 Jun 10;22(1):499. doi: 10.1186/s12877-022-03133-0.
OBJECTIVES
This work aimed to describe the nutritional status of French older adults (age ≥ 90 years) and studied the association between oral health and nutritional status.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was carried out in 2014 among the participants of a cohort on cerebral and functional aging in France at their 25-year follow up (the PAQUID cohort). Nutritional status (Mini Nutritional Assessment [MNA]) and oral health status (number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth [DMFT], number of posterior occluding pairs, xerostomia [Xerostomia Inventory], and prosthetic rehabilitation) were recorded at the participants' living places by two dentists. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to explore the association between oral health and nutritional status, with adjustments for potential confounders. Odds ratios (OR) were estimated with their 95% confidence interval (CI).
RESULTS
87 participants were included in the analyses: 74.7% were females and the mean age was 94.1 years (± 3.0). Malnutrition or risk of malnutrition (MNA < 24) was present in 23 participants (26.4%), with only one having malnutrition. The mean DMFT score was 26.5 (± 5.3). The mean number of posterior occluding pairs was 1.5 (± 2.3). Twenty-one participants had xerostomia (24.1%). Only 8.1% of the participants had all their teeth or adequate dentures; 47.1% had inadequate dentures, while 44.8% had no dentures despite tooth loss. After adjustment, xerostomia (OR = 8.79; 95% CI = 2.38-39.10; p = 0.002) was found to be associated with malnutrition or risk of malnutrition.
CONCLUSION
Being at risk of malnutrition was common among people ≥ 90 years old and was associated with xerostomia. NCT04065828.
目的
本研究旨在描述法国高龄老年人（年龄≥90 岁）的营养状况，并探讨口腔健康与营养状况之间的关系。
方法
2014 年，对法国大脑和功能老化队列研究（PAQUID 队列）25 年随访时的参与者进行了一项横断面研究。营养状况（微型营养评估 [MNA]）和口腔健康状况（龋齿、缺失和补牙数 [DMFT]、后牙咬合对、口干症[口干症量表]和修复体）由两位牙医在参与者的居住地点进行记录。使用单变量和多变量逻辑回归来探讨口腔健康与营养状况之间的关系，并对潜在的混杂因素进行调整。比值比（OR）及其 95%置信区间（CI）进行估计。
结果
共纳入 87 名参与者进行分析：女性占 74.7%，平均年龄为 94.1 岁（±3.0）。23 名参与者（26.4%）存在营养不良或有营养不良风险（MNA＜24），其中仅 1 名参与者存在营养不良。DMFT 平均得分为 26.5（±5.3）。后牙咬合对的平均数量为 1.5（±2.3）。21 名参与者有口干症（24.1%）。仅有 8.1%的参与者有全部牙齿或足够的义齿；47.1%的参与者义齿不足，而 44.8%的参与者尽管有牙齿缺失但没有义齿。调整后，口干症（OR=8.79；95%CI=2.38-39.10；p=0.002）与营养不良或有营养不良风险相关。
结论
90 岁以上人群存在营养不良风险的情况较为常见，且与口干症相关。NCT04065828。
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