Lugović-Mihić Liborija, Ferček Iva, Duvančić Tomislav, Bulat Vedrana, Ježovita Josip, Novak-Bilić Gaby, Šitum Mirna
Acta Clin Croat. 2016 Jun;55(2):293-300. doi: 10.20471/acc.2016.55.02.17.
Since the working medical personnel including dentists and dental technicians mainly use their hands, it is understandable that the most common occupational disease amongst medical personnel is contact dermatitis (CD) (80%-90% of cases). Development of occupational CD is caused by contact of the skin with various substances in occupational environment. Occupational etiologic factors for dental personnel are foremost reactions to gloves containing latex, followed by various dental materials (e.g., metals, acrylates), detergents, lubricants, solvents, chemicals, etc. Since occupational CD is relatively common in dental personnel, its timely recognition, treatment and taking preventive measures is needed. Achieving skin protection at exposed workplaces is of special importance, as well as implementing necessary measures consequently and sufficiently, which is sometimes difficult to achieve. Various studies have shown the benefit of applying preventive measures, such as numerous protocols for reducing and managing latex sensitivity and other forms of CD in dentistry. Active involvement of physicians within the health care system, primarily dermatologists, occupational medicine specialists and general medicine doctors is needed for establishing an accurate medical diagnosis and confirmation of occupational skin disease.
由于包括牙医和牙科技术人员在内的在职医务人员主要使用双手，因此医务人员中最常见的职业病是接触性皮炎（CD）（占病例的80%-90%）也就不足为奇了。职业性CD的发生是由于皮肤与职业环境中的各种物质接触所致。牙科人员的职业病因主要是对含乳胶手套的反应，其次是各种牙科材料（如金属、丙烯酸酯）、洗涤剂、润滑剂、溶剂、化学品等。由于职业性CD在牙科人员中相对常见，因此需要及时识别、治疗并采取预防措施。在暴露的工作场所实现皮肤保护尤为重要，同时要相应地充分实施必要措施，而这有时很难做到。各种研究表明了采取预防措施的益处，例如在牙科领域减少和管理乳胶敏感性及其他形式CD的众多方案。为了准确诊断职业病并确认职业性皮肤病，需要医疗保健系统中的医生积极参与，主要是皮肤科医生、职业医学专家和普通内科医生。
