Kok Rebecca, Taubert Jessica, Van der Burg Erik, Rhodes Gillian, Alais David
The School of Psychology , The University of Sydney , Camperdown, New South Wales 2006 , Australia.
The School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales 2006, Australia; Department of Cognitive Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
R Soc Open Sci. 2017 Mar 1;4(3):160685. doi: 10.1098/rsos.160685. eCollection 2017 Mar.
Studies suggest that familiar faces are processed in a manner distinct from unfamiliar faces and that familiarity with a face confers an advantage in identity recognition. Our visual system seems to capitalize on experience to build stable face representations that are impervious to variation in retinal input that may occur due to changes in lighting, viewpoint, viewing distance, eye movements, etc. Emerging evidence also suggests that our visual system maintains a continuous perception of a face's identity from one moment to the next despite the retinal input variations through serial dependence. This study investigates whether interactions occur between face familiarity and serial dependence. In two experiments, participants used a continuous scale to rate attractiveness of unfamiliar and familiar faces (either experimentally learned or famous) presented in rapid sequences. Both experiments revealed robust inter-trial effects in which attractiveness ratings for a given face depended on the preceding face's attractiveness. This inter-trial attractiveness effect was most pronounced for unfamiliar faces. Indeed, when participants were familiar with a given face, attractiveness ratings showed significantly less serial dependence. These results represent the first evidence that familiar faces can resist the temporal integration seen in sequential dependencies and highlight the importance of familiarity to visual cognition.
研究表明，熟悉面孔的处理方式与不熟悉面孔不同，并且对面孔的熟悉度在身份识别方面具有优势。我们的视觉系统似乎利用经验来构建稳定的面孔表征，这些表征不受因光照、视角、观看距离、眼球运动等变化而可能出现的视网膜输入变化的影响。新出现的证据还表明，尽管视网膜输入存在变化，但我们的视觉系统通过序列依赖性在不同时刻对面孔身份保持连续感知。本研究调查了面孔熟悉度与序列依赖性之间是否存在相互作用。在两项实验中，参与者使用连续量表对快速呈现的不熟悉和熟悉面孔（实验性学习的或著名的）的吸引力进行评分。两项实验均揭示了强烈的试次间效应，即给定面孔的吸引力评分取决于前一张面孔的吸引力。这种试次间吸引力效应在不熟悉面孔上最为明显。事实上，当参与者熟悉某张特定面孔时，吸引力评分的序列依赖性显著降低。这些结果首次证明熟悉面孔能够抵抗序列依赖性中出现的时间整合，并突出了熟悉度对视觉认知的重要性。
