Luppi Andrea, Gibellini Mariavittoria, Gin Thomas, Vangroenweghe Frédéric, Vandenbroucke Virginie, Bauerfeind Rolf, Bonilauri Paolo, Labarque Geoffrey, Hidalgo Álvaro
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), via Pitagora 2, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
Elanco Animal Health, Divisione veterinaria Eli Lilly Italia Spa, Via A. Gramsci, 731, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI Italy.
Porcine Health Manag. 2016 Sep 1;2:20. doi: 10.1186/s40813-016-0039-9. eCollection 2016.
Post-weaning diarrhoea (PWD), due to , is an important cause of economic losses to the pig industry primarily as a result of mortality and worsened productive performance. In spite of its relevance, recent data about the prevalence of virulence genes and pathotypes among isolates recovered from cases of PWD in Europe are scarce.
This study investigates the prevalence of fimbrial and toxin genes of by PCR among 280 farms with PWD across Europe. A total of 873 samples collected within the first 48 h after the onset of PWD (occurring 7-21 days post weaning) were submitted to the laboratory for diagnostic purposes. Isolation and identification of were performed following standard bacteriological methods and PCR assays for the detection of genes encoding for fimbriae (F4, F5, F6, F18 and F41) and toxins (LT, STa, STb and Stx2e). The prevalence of fimbriae and toxins among isolates from cases of PWD was: F4 (45.1 %), F18 (33.9 %), F5 (0.6 %), F6 (0.6 %), F41 (0.3 %), STb (59.1 %), STa (38.1 %), LT (31.9 %) and Stx2e (9.7 %). isolates carrying both fimbrial and toxin genes were detected in 52.5 % of the cases (178 out of 339 isolates), with 94.9 % of them being classified as enterotoxigenic (ETEC). The most common virotype detected was F4, STb, LT.
This study confirms that ETEC is frequently isolated in pig farms with PWD across Europe, with F4- and F18-ETEC variants involved in 36.1 % and 18.2 % of the outbreaks, respectively.
断奶后腹泻（PWD）主要由于死亡率和生产性能下降，是养猪业经济损失的一个重要原因。尽管其具有相关性，但近期关于从欧洲PWD病例中分离出的菌株中毒力基因和致病型流行情况的数据却很少。
本研究通过PCR调查了欧洲280个有PWD的猪场中菌株菌毛和毒素基因的流行情况。在PWD发病后（断奶后7 - 21天）的头48小时内共收集了873份样本送交实验室用于诊断。按照标准细菌学方法进行菌株的分离和鉴定，并通过PCR检测编码菌毛（F4、F5、F6、F18和F41）和毒素（LT、STa、STb和Stx2e）的基因。PWD病例分离出的菌株中菌毛和毒素的流行情况为：F4（45.1%）、F18（33.9%）、F5（0.6%）、F6（0.6%）、F41（0.3%）、STb（59.1%）、STa（38.1%）、LT（31.9%）和Stx2e（9.7%）。在52.5%的病例（339株分离株中的178株）中检测到同时携带菌毛和毒素基因的菌株，其中94.9%被归类为产肠毒素大肠杆菌（ETEC）。检测到的最常见病毒型为F4、STb、LT。
本研究证实欧洲有PWD的猪场中经常分离出产肠毒素大肠杆菌，其中F4 - ETEC和F18 - ETEC变体分别参与了36.1%和18.2%的疫情爆发。
