Robison Matthew K, Unsworth Nash
Department of Psychology, University of Oregon.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2017 Nov;43(11):1912-1924. doi: 10.1037/xhp0000419. Epub 2017 Apr 13.
Although individual differences in working memory capacity (WMC) typically predict susceptibility to attentional capture in various paradigms (e.g., Stroop, antisaccade, flankers), it sometimes fails to correlate with the magnitude of attentional capture effects in visual search (e.g., Stokes, 2016), which is 1 of the most frequently studied tasks to study capture (Theeuwes, 2010). But some studies have shown that search modes can mitigate the effects of attentional capture (Leber & Egeth, 2006). Therefore, the present study examined whether or not the relationship between WMC and attentional capture changes as a function of the search modes available. In Experiment 1, WMC was unrelated to attentional capture, but only 1 search mode (singleton-detection) could be employed. In Experiment 2, greater WMC predicted smaller attentional capture effects, but only when multiple search modes (feature-search and singleton-detection) could be employed. Importantly this relationship was entirely independent of variation in attention control, which suggests that this effect is driven by WMC-related long-term memory differences (Cosman & Vecera, 2013a, 2013b). The present set of findings help to further our understanding of the nuanced ways in which memory and attention interact. (PsycINFO Database Record
尽管工作记忆容量（WMC）的个体差异通常能预测在各种范式（如斯特鲁普任务、反眼跳任务、侧翼干扰任务）中对注意捕获的易感性，但在视觉搜索中（例如，斯托克斯，2016），它有时与注意捕获效应的大小并无关联，而视觉搜索是研究捕获现象最常用的任务之一（泰乌韦斯，2010）。但一些研究表明，搜索模式可以减轻注意捕获的影响（莱伯和埃格特，2006）。因此，本研究考察了WMC与注意捕获之间的关系是否会随着可用搜索模式的变化而改变。在实验1中，WMC与注意捕获无关，且只能采用一种搜索模式（单一目标检测）。在实验2中，WMC越高，注意捕获效应越小，但这仅在可以采用多种搜索模式（特征搜索和单一目标检测）时才成立。重要的是，这种关系完全独立于注意控制的变化，这表明这种效应是由与WMC相关的长期记忆差异驱动的（科斯曼和韦塞拉，2013a，2013b）。本系列研究结果有助于进一步加深我们对记忆与注意相互作用细微方式的理解。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》
