Xu Yijuan, Larsen Lone Heimann, Lorenzen Jan, Hall-Stoodley Luanne, Kikhney Judith, Moter Annette, Thomsen Trine Rolighed
Medical Biotechnology, Danish Technological Institute, Aarhus, Denmark.
Clinical Microbiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
APMIS. 2017 Apr;125(4):289-303. doi: 10.1111/apm.12676.
Medical device-related infections cause undue patient distress, increased morbidity and mortality and pose a huge financial burden on healthcare services. The pathogens are frequently distributed heterogeneously in biofilms, which can persist without being effectively cleared by host immune defenses and antibiotic therapy. At present, there is no 'gold standard' available to reveal the presence of device-related biofilm infections. However, adequate sample collection and logistics, standardised diagnostic methods, and interpretation of results by experienced personnel are important steps in efficient diagnosis and treatment of these infections. The focus of this mini review is on prosthethic joint and cardiovascular implantable device infections, which exemplify permanent devices that are placed in a sterile body site. These device-related infections represent some of the most challenging in terms of both diagnosis and treatment.
与医疗设备相关的感染会给患者带来不必要的痛苦，增加发病率和死亡率，并给医疗服务带来巨大的经济负担。病原体在生物膜中常常呈异质性分布，生物膜能够持续存在，而不会被宿主免疫防御和抗生素治疗有效清除。目前，尚无用于揭示与设备相关的生物膜感染存在的“金标准”。然而，充分的样本采集与处理、标准化的诊断方法以及由经验丰富的人员对结果进行解读，是有效诊断和治疗这些感染的重要步骤。本小型综述的重点是人工关节和心血管植入式设备感染，这些感染是放置在无菌身体部位的永久性设备感染的典型例子。就诊断和治疗而言，这些与设备相关的感染是一些最具挑战性的感染。
