Yue Shijing, Zhao Kun, Erb Ulrike, Rana Sanyukta, Zöller Margot
Tumor Cell Biology, University Hospital of Surgery, Im Neuenheimer Feld 365, Heidelberg D 69120, Germany.
School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
Biochem Soc Trans. 2017 Apr 15;45(2):437-447. doi: 10.1042/BST20160298.
Tetraspanins are highly conserved 4-transmembrane proteins which form molecular clusters with a large variety of transmembrane and cytosolic proteins. By these associations tetraspanins are engaged in a multitude of biological processes. Furthermore, tetraspanin complexes are located in specialized microdomains, called tetraspanin-enriched microdomains (TEMs). TEMs provide a signaling platform and are poised for invagination and vesicle formation. These vesicles can be released as exosomes (Exo) and are important in cell contact-independent intercellular communication. Here, we summarize emphasizing knockdown and knockout models' pathophysiological joint and selective activities of CD151 and Tspan8, and discuss the TEM-related engagement of CD151 and Tspan8 in Exo activities.
四跨膜蛋白是高度保守的四跨膜蛋白，它们与多种跨膜蛋白和胞质蛋白形成分子簇。通过这些关联，四跨膜蛋白参与了众多生物学过程。此外，四跨膜蛋白复合物位于称为富含四跨膜蛋白微区（TEMs）的特殊微区中。TEMs提供了一个信号平台，易于内陷和囊泡形成。这些囊泡可以作为外泌体（Exo）释放，并且在细胞非接触依赖性细胞间通讯中很重要。在这里，我们着重总结了敲低和敲除模型中CD151和Tspan8的病理生理联合和选择性活性，并讨论了CD151和Tspan8在TEM相关的外泌体活性中的作用。
