Allen Nicholas G, Higham Samuel M, Mendham Amy E, Kastelein Tegan E, Larsen Penelope S, Duffield Rob
Sport and Exercise Discipline Group, UTS: Health, Faculty of Health, Moore Park Precinct, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Moore Park, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia.
Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2017 Jun;117(6):1249-1256. doi: 10.1007/s00421-017-3613-1. Epub 2017 Apr 13.
This study examined the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT; 30 s sprint, 4-5 min passive recovery) and prolonged intermittent sprint training (PIST; 10 s sprint, 2-3 min moderate exercise) on the systemic inflammatory markers C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), aerobic capacity, and anthropometry in a middle-aged, sedentary population.
Fifty-five sedentary adults (age 49.2 ± 6.1 years) were randomised into HIIT (n = 20), PIST (n = 21), or a sedentary control group (CTRL n = 14). HIIT and PIST performed three training sessions per week for 9 weeks on a cycle ergometer, matched for total high-intensity time, while CTRL continued normal sedentary behaviours. Pre- and post-intervention testing involved measures of anthropometry, peak oxygen consumption (VO), and venous blood collection for analyses of CRP and TNF-α.
HIIT and PIST increased VO compared to CTRL (+3.66 ± 2.23 and 3.74 ± 2.62 mL kg min). A group × time interaction (p = 0.042) and main effect of time (p = 0.026) were evident for waist girth, with only HIIT showing a significant reduction compared to CTRL (-2.1 ± 2.8 cm). TNF-α and CRP showed no group × time interaction or time effect (p > 0.05).
In sedentary individuals, 9 weeks of HIIT or PIST were effective to improve aerobic capacity; however, only HIIT significantly reduced waist girth and WHR compared to CTRL. Markers of systemic inflammation remained unchanged across all groups. Accordingly, for inflammation and VO2, the distribution of sprints and the active or passive recovery periods are inconsequential provided that total duration of high-intensity efforts is similar.
本研究探讨了高强度间歇训练（HIIT；30秒冲刺，4 - 5分钟被动恢复）和延长间歇冲刺训练（PIST；10秒冲刺，2 - 3分钟中等强度运动）对中年久坐人群全身炎症标志物C反应蛋白（CRP）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、有氧能力及人体测量指标的影响。
55名久坐不动的成年人（年龄49.2±6.1岁）被随机分为HIIT组（n = 20）、PIST组（n = 21）或久坐对照组（CTRL，n = 14）。HIIT组和PIST组每周在功率自行车上进行3次训练，共9周，两组的总高强度运动时间相同，而CTRL组继续保持正常的久坐行为。干预前后的测试包括人体测量指标、峰值耗氧量（VO）以及采集静脉血以分析CRP和TNF-α。
与CTRL组相比，HIIT组和PIST组的VO增加（分别为+3.66±2.23和3.74±2.62毫升·千克·分钟）。腰围存在组×时间交互作用（p = 0.042）和时间主效应（p = 0.026），与CTRL组相比，只有HIIT组腰围显著减小（-2.1±2.8厘米）。TNF-α和CRP未显示出组×时间交互作用或时间效应（p>0.05）。
在久坐人群中，9周的HIIT或PIST训练可有效提高有氧能力；然而，与CTRL组相比，只有HIIT组显著减小了腰围和腰臀比。所有组的全身炎症标志物均保持不变。因此，对于炎症和VO2而言，只要高强度运动的总时长相似，冲刺时间的分布以及主动或被动恢复期并不重要。
