Martínez María L, Piol María N, Sbarbati Nudelman Norma, Verrengia Guerrero Noemí R
Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Dpto. de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 3° piso, Pabellón II, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Dpto. de Química Biológica, Toxicología y Química Legal, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 4° piso, Pabellón II, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Ecotoxicology. 2017 Jul;26(5):691-701. doi: 10.1007/s10646-017-1801-8. Epub 2017 Apr 13.
Freshwater samples and gastropod mollusks (Pomacea canaliculata) were collected at 5 sampling stations located along the lower Río de la Plata basin, Argentina, to assess the extent of tributyltin (TBT) contamination. Determined data revealed the presence of TBT and some of its breakdown products (dibutyltin: DBT, and monobutyltin: MBT) in all freshwater samples and also in soft tissues of P. canaliculata gastropods. Chronic bioassays (6 months) were performed using female gastropods that had been reared under laboratory conditions and exposed to a similar TBT concentration than the value determined in freshwater samples (1 µg L). The aims of this study were to evaluate the extent of TBT accumulation, the tissue distribution, and the effects on selected biomarkers (activity of superoxide dismutasa: SOD, activity of catalase: CAT, levels of total glutathione: t-GSH, lipid peroxidation, and activity of acetylcholinesterase: AChE). Gonads presented the highest accumulation, followed by the cephalopedal region, albumin gland, and finally hepatopancreas. Both metabolites, DBT and MBT, were also found. All exposed female animals presented development of a penis reflecting the potential of TBT as an endocrine disrupting chemical for this gastropod species. Results on the selected biomarkers confirmed additional adverse effects induced by TBT. An increase in CAT activity and changes in t-GSH levels are indicative of alterations on the cellular redox status. The inhibition of AChE could reflect signs of neurotoxicity. Altogether, these results reveal a negative impact on the health of this gastropod population.
在阿根廷拉普拉塔河下游流域的5个采样站采集了淡水样本和腹足纲软体动物（福寿螺），以评估三丁基锡（TBT）的污染程度。测定数据显示，所有淡水样本以及福寿螺的软组织中均存在TBT及其一些分解产物（二丁基锡：DBT和单丁基锡：MBT）。使用在实验室条件下饲养并暴露于与淡水样本中测定值相似的TBT浓度（1µg/L）的雌性福寿螺进行了慢性生物测定（6个月）。本研究的目的是评估TBT的积累程度、组织分布以及对选定生物标志物的影响（超氧化物歧化酶活性：SOD、过氧化氢酶活性：CAT、总谷胱甘肽水平：t-GSH、脂质过氧化和乙酰胆碱酯酶活性：AChE）。性腺中的积累量最高，其次是头足部区域、白蛋白腺，最后是肝胰腺。还发现了两种代谢产物DBT和MBT。所有暴露的雌性动物都出现了阴茎发育，这反映了TBT作为这种腹足纲动物的内分泌干扰化学物质的潜力。选定生物标志物的结果证实了TBT诱导的其他不良影响。CAT活性的增加和t-GSH水平的变化表明细胞氧化还原状态发生了改变。AChE的抑制可能反映了神经毒性的迹象。总之，这些结果揭示了对这种腹足纲动物种群健康的负面影响。
