School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, Melbourne, VIC, 3125, Australia.
J Community Health. 2017 Oct;42(5):1062-1068. doi: 10.1007/s10900-017-0351-6.
Many of the 36.7 million people living with HIV are also assumed to be food insecure. The implications of food insecurity in people living with HIV are significant, with food insecurity associated with an increased likelihood of tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drug use, experiences of depression or depressive symptoms, poor adherence and delayed uptake of HIV medication, nutritional vulnerability leading to interference of medication, and the uptake of risky behaviours as a way to gain access to food resources. This review sought to present the current intervention research around the experiences of food insecurity in PLWHA in high resource countries to determine successful models to address the issue. Only five articles were identified in a systematic search, three reported on studies that were conducted in the USA and two in Canada. Two articles were cross sectional, one was a program evaluation, one ethnography, and one took a qualitative approach. This review highlights a lack of published research in the area of HIV and food insecurity in resource rich countries. The findings of this study suggest that there are currently no standard or best practice ways to provide food aid to PLWHA to reduce food security. The lack of published results means that while there may be good programs operating in the community, this information and knowledge is not being shared, resulting in a lack of consistency in approach, possible duplication, and the potential for wasted resources. Overall, this review suggests a need for more dedicated evaluation and longitudinal research.
全球约有 3670 万人感染艾滋病毒，其中许多人也被认为面临粮食不安全问题。艾滋病毒感染者粮食不安全的影响是重大的，因为粮食不安全与增加吸烟、饮酒和使用非法药物的可能性、抑郁或抑郁症状的经历、抗逆转录病毒药物治疗的依从性差和延迟、营养脆弱导致药物干扰以及采取危险行为来获取食物资源有关。本综述旨在介绍高资源国家中艾滋病毒感染者粮食不安全问题方面的现有干预研究，以确定解决该问题的成功模式。通过系统检索，仅确定了五篇文章，其中三篇报告了在美国进行的研究，两篇在加拿大进行。两篇文章为横断面研究，一篇为方案评估，一篇为民族志研究，一篇采用了定性方法。本综述强调了在资源丰富的国家中，艾滋病毒和粮食不安全领域缺乏已发表的研究。本研究结果表明，目前尚无向艾滋病毒感染者提供粮食援助以减少粮食不安全的标准或最佳做法。缺乏已发表的研究结果意味着，虽然社区中可能有良好的方案在运作，但这些信息和知识没有得到分享，导致方法缺乏一致性，可能存在重复，以及资源浪费的可能性。总体而言，本综述表明需要进行更多专门的评估和纵向研究。
