Kim Jayeun, Kim Ho
Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Apr 17;14(4):431. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14040431.
Relevant demographic and environmental conditions need to be understood before tailoring policies to improve mental health. Using community health survey data from 25 communities in Seoul, 2013, cross-sectional associations between mental health and community level environments were assessed. Mental health outcomes (self-rated stress levels (SRS) and depressive symptoms (DS)) were analyzed. Community environmental factors included green space, green facilities, and annual PM level (AnnPM); socio-demographic factors included sex, age, education, labor market participation, comorbidity, sleep hours, physical activity, smoking, and drinking. A total of 23,139 people with the following characteristics participated: men (44.2%); age groups 19-39 (36.0%), 40-59 (39.4%), 60-74 (19.2%), and 75+ (5.4%). Women had higher odds ratios (OR) for SRS [OR 1.22, 95% Confidence interval (CI) 1.17-1.27] and DS [OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.42-1.71]. Regular physical activity predicted SRS [OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.84-0.95] and DS [OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.88-1.10]; current smoking and drinking were adversely associated with both SRS and DS. Higher accessibility to green space (Q4) was inversely associated with DS [OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.81-0.97] compared to lower accessibility (Q1). AnnPM, annual levels for particles of aerodynamic diameter <10 µm (PM), among communities was associated with poorer SRS [OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.00-1.04] by 10 μg/m³ increases. Therefore, both demographic and environmental factors should be considered to understand mental health conditions among the general population.
在制定改善心理健康的政策之前，需要了解相关的人口统计学和环境状况。利用2013年首尔25个社区的社区健康调查数据，评估了心理健康与社区层面环境之间的横断面关联。分析了心理健康结果（自评压力水平（SRS）和抑郁症状（DS））。社区环境因素包括绿地、绿色设施和年度颗粒物水平（AnnPM）；社会人口学因素包括性别、年龄、教育程度、劳动力市场参与情况、合并症、睡眠时间、体育活动、吸烟和饮酒。共有23139名具有以下特征的人参与：男性（44.2%）；年龄组19 - 39岁（36.0%）、40 - 59岁（39.4%）、60 - 74岁（19.2%）和75岁及以上（5.4%）。女性的SRS [比值比（OR）1.22，95%置信区间（CI）1.17 - 1.27]和DS [OR 1.55，95% CI 1.42 - 1.71]的比值比更高。规律的体育活动可预测SRS [OR 0.90，95% CI 0.84 - 0.95]和DS [OR 0.98，95% CI 0.88 - 1.10]；当前吸烟和饮酒与SRS和DS均呈负相关。与较低可达性（Q1）相比，较高的绿地可达性（Q4）与DS呈负相关[OR 0.89，95% CI 0.81 - 0.97]。社区中空气动力学直径<10 µm的颗粒物（PM）的年度水平AnnPM每增加10 μg/m³，与较差的SRS [OR 1.02，95% CI 1.00 - 1.04]相关。因此，应考虑人口统计学和环境因素以了解普通人群的心理健康状况。
