Transport Planning and Research Institute, Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.
Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes (Ministry of Education), College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
PLoS One. 2017 Apr 19;12(4):e0175627. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175627. eCollection 2017.
The article examines the detailed spatial and temporal distributions of coastal reclamation in the northwest coast of Bohai Bay experiencing rapid coastal reclamation in China from 1974 to 2010 in annual intervals. Moreover, soil elements properties and spatial distribution in reclaimed area and inform the future coastal ecosystems management was also analyzed. The results shows that 910.7 km2 of coastal wetlands have been reclaimed and conversed to industrial land during the past 36 years. It covers intertidal beach, shallow sea and island with a percentage of 76.0%, 23.5% and 0.5%, respectively. The average concentration of Mn is 686.91mg/kg and the order of concentration of heavy metal are Cr>Zn>As>Ni>Cu>Pb>Cd>Hg. We used the "space for time substitution" method to test the soil properties changes after reclamation. The potential ecological risk of heavy metal is in low level and the risk of Cd and As is relatively higher. The ecosystem-based coastal protection and management are urgent to support sustainable coastal ecosystems in Bohai bay in the future.
本文以中国渤海湾西北岸为研究区，选取了经历快速围填海活动的典型区域，基于 1974 年至 2010 年每年的遥感影像，详细分析了研究区围填海的时空分布特征，探讨了围填海后土壤元素的性质及其空间分布特征，以期为未来的海岸带生态系统管理提供科学依据。结果表明，在过去的 36 年中，研究区已围填海造地 910.7km2，主要转化为工业用地，分别占潮间带滩涂、浅海和海岛的 76.0%、23.5%和 0.5%。重金属元素 Mn 的平均浓度为 686.91mg/kg，重金属元素的浓度顺序为 Cr＞Zn＞As＞Ni＞Cu＞Pb＞Cd＞Hg。采用“空间代替时间”的方法，研究围填海后土壤性质的变化。研究区土壤重金属潜在生态风险处于低风险水平，Cd 和 As 的风险相对较高。未来迫切需要基于生态系统的海岸带保护和管理，以支持渤海湾可持续的海岸带生态系统。
