Montenegro Diego C, Bitencourth Karla, de Oliveira Stefan V, Borsoi Ana P, Cardoso Karen M, Sousa Maria S B, Giordano-Dias Cristina, Amorim Marinete, Serra-Freire Nicolau M, Gazêta Gilberto S, Brazil Reginaldo P
Laboratório de Doenças Parasitária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fundação Oswaldo CruzRio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Laboratório de Referência Nacional em Vetores das Riquetsioses - Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde/Ministério da Saúde, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fundação Oswaldo CruzRio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Front Microbiol. 2017 Mar 30;8:505. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00505. eCollection 2017.
The eco-epidemiological scenario of spotted fever (SF), a tick-borne disease that affects humans and other animals in several countries around the world, was analyzed in Rio de Janeiro (RJ) State, Brazil. During the last 34 years, 990 SF cases were reported in RJ (the Brazilian state with the highest population density), including 116 cases confirmed by serology (RIFI) or PCR, among 42.39% of the municipalities with reported cases of SF. The epidemiologic dynamics of SF in RJ State are very heterogeneous in time and space, with outbreaks, high mortality rates and periods of epidemiological silence (no SF cases reported). Furthermore, it exhibited a changing epidemiological profile from being rural to becoming an urban disease. This study identified arthropods infected with , and , and found that the abundance of ectoparasites was associated with specific hosts. The -vector-host relationship was most evident in species-specific parasitism. This suggests that the association between dogs, cattle, horses, capybaras and their main ectoparasites, and , , and , respectively, has a key role in the dynamics of transmission in enzootic cycles and the maintenance of carrier ectoparasites, thus facilitating the existence of endemic areas with the ability to produce epidemic outbreaks of SF in RJ. This study found confirmed human infections for only the carrier , which reinforces the importance of this species as a vector of the pathogen in Brazil. This study can be adapted to different eco-epidemiological scenarios of spotted fever throughout the Americas.
在巴西里约热内卢州，对斑点热（SF）的生态流行病学情况进行了分析。斑点热是一种通过蜱传播的疾病，在世界上多个国家影响人类和其他动物。在过去34年里，里约热内卢州（巴西人口密度最高的州）报告了990例SF病例，其中116例通过血清学（RIFI）或PCR确诊，病例分布在42.39%报告有SF病例的市。里约热内卢州SF的流行病学动态在时间和空间上非常不均一，存在疫情爆发、高死亡率以及流行病学沉默期（未报告SF病例）。此外，其流行病学特征从农村疾病转变为城市疾病。本研究鉴定出感染了[具体病原体名称未给出]、[具体病原体名称未给出]和[具体病原体名称未给出]的节肢动物，并发现体外寄生虫的丰度与特定宿主相关。[具体病原体名称未给出]的媒介-宿主关系在物种特异性寄生中最为明显。这表明狗、牛、马、水豚与其主要体外寄生虫[具体寄生虫名称未给出]、[具体寄生虫名称未给出]、[具体寄生虫名称未给出]和[具体寄生虫名称未给出]之间的关联，分别在地方病传播周期中[具体病原体名称未给出]的传播动态以及携带病原体的体外寄生虫的维持中起关键作用，从而促进了里约热内卢州存在能够引发SF疫情爆发的地方性流行区。本研究仅发现人类感染了[具体病原体名称未给出]携带者[具体物种名称未给出]，这进一步强调了该物种作为巴西病原体媒介的重要性。本研究可适用于美洲各地不同的斑点热生态流行病学情况。
