Wang Zhenjie, Dang Shaonong, Xing Yuan, Li Qiang, Yan Hong
Institute of Population Research/WHO Collaborating Center on Reproductive Health and Population Science, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China.
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China. Email:
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2017 May;26(3):450-456. doi: 10.6133/apjcn.012016.13.
There is very limited published data on Tibetan dietary patterns and its association with nutrient intakes and socioeconomic factors. The aim of this study was to identify and describe the dietary patterns and the associations with nutrient intakes in rural Tibetan pregnant, lactating mothers.
Dietary patterns and nutrient intakes were identified via a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). We identified dietary patterns using principle component analysis (PCA) of intakes of 17 food groups and specific Tibetan foods. Quartile categories of each dietary pattern were used, and non-dietary lifestyle factors and total energy intake were adjusted for the analysis. We identified two dietary patterns: "Varied pattern" and "Staple pattern".
The "Varied pattern" was characterized by a high intake of vegetables, fruits and soy foods which showed significant positive associations with vitamins. Vitamin C (Ptrend<0.01) and vitamin E (Ptrend<0.01) were strongly associated with "Varied pattern" among mothers with children younger or older than 12 months. The "Staple pattern" was characterized by Tibetan staple foods, Tibetan beverages and Tibetan snacks and showed significant negative associations with protein (Ptrend<0.01) among mothers with children younger than 12 months or older than 12 months. Carbohydrate intakes significantly increased with "Staple pattern" among mother with children younger than 12 months only.
The results presented here suggested our dietary patterns to great extent characterize the dietary behavior of Tibetan lactating mothers. There is, therefore, potential for dietary patterns to be used as a valid tool in assessing Tibetan diet.
关于藏族饮食模式及其与营养摄入和社会经济因素之间关联的已发表数据非常有限。本研究的目的是识别和描述藏族农村孕产妇的饮食模式及其与营养摄入的关联。
通过食物频率问卷（FFQ）确定饮食模式和营养摄入情况。我们使用17个食物组和特定藏族食物摄入量的主成分分析（PCA）来确定饮食模式。对每种饮食模式的四分位数类别进行分析，并对非饮食生活方式因素和总能量摄入进行调整。我们确定了两种饮食模式：“多样模式”和“主食模式”。
“多样模式”的特点是蔬菜、水果和豆类食物摄入量高，与维生素呈显著正相关。在有12个月以下或12个月以上孩子的母亲中，维生素C（Ptrend<0.01）和维生素E（Ptrend<0.01）与“多样模式”密切相关。“主食模式”的特点是藏族主食、藏族饮品和藏族小吃，在有12个月以下或12个月以上孩子的母亲中，与蛋白质呈显著负相关（Ptrend<0.01）。仅在有12个月以下孩子的母亲中，碳水化合物摄入量随“主食模式”显著增加。
此处呈现的结果表明，我们的饮食模式在很大程度上表征了藏族哺乳期母亲的饮食行为。因此，饮食模式有潜力作为评估藏族饮食的有效工具。
