Demirci Yeliz, Zhang Baohong, Unver Turgay
Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (iBG-izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.
Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina.
J Cell Physiol. 2018 Mar;233(3):1844-1859. doi: 10.1002/jcp.25970. Epub 2017 Jun 6.
CRISPR/Cas9 is a newly developed and naturally occurred genome editing tool, which is originally used by bacteria for immune defence. In the past years, it has been quickly employed and modified to precisely edit genome sequences in both plants and animals. Compared with the well-developed zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) and transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), CRISPR/Cas9 has lots of advantages, including easier to design and implement, higher targeting efficiency, and less expensive. Thus, it is becoming one of the most powerful tools for knockout of an individual gene as well as insertion of one gene and/or control of gene transcription. Studies have shown that CRISPR/Cas9 is a great tool to edit many genes in a variety of plant species, including the model plant species as well as agriculturally important crops, such as cotton, maize, wheat, and rice. CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing can be used for plant functional studies and plant improvement to yield, quality, and tolerance to environmental stress.
CRISPR/Cas9是一种新开发的天然存在的基因组编辑工具，最初由细菌用于免疫防御。在过去几年中，它已被迅速应用并改良，用于精确编辑植物和动物的基因组序列。与成熟的锌指核酸酶（ZFNs）和转录激活样效应物核酸酶（TALENs）相比，CRISPR/Cas9具有许多优点，包括更易于设计和实施、靶向效率更高以及成本更低。因此，它正成为敲除单个基因以及插入一个基因和/或控制基因转录的最强大工具之一。研究表明，CRISPR/Cas9是编辑多种植物物种中许多基因的出色工具，包括模式植物物种以及具有农业重要性的作物，如棉花、玉米、小麦和水稻。基于CRISPR/Cas9的基因组编辑可用于植物功能研究和植物改良，以提高产量、品质和对环境胁迫的耐受性。
