Duhart Juan Carlos, Parsons Travis T, Raftery Laurel A
School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4004, United States.
School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4004, United States.
Mech Dev. 2017 Dec;148:18-39. doi: 10.1016/j.mod.2017.04.002. Epub 2017 Apr 19.
Epithelial structures are foundational for tissue organization in all metazoans. Sheets of epithelial cells form lateral adhesive junctions and acquire apico-basal polarity perpendicular to the surface of the sheet. Genetic analyses in the insect model, Drosophila melanogaster, have greatly advanced our understanding of how epithelial organization is established, and how it is modulated during tissue morphogenesis. Major insights into collective cell migrations have come from analyses of morphogenetic movements within the adult follicular epithelium that cooperates with female germ cells to build a mature egg. Epithelial follicle cells progress through tightly choreographed phases of proliferation, patterning, reorganization and migrations, before they differentiate to form the elaborate structures of the eggshell. Distinct structural domains are organized by differential adhesion, within which lateral junctions are remodeled to further shape the organized epithelia. During collective cell migrations, adhesive interactions mediate supracellular organization of planar polarized macromolecules, and facilitate crawling over the basement membrane or traction against adjacent cell surfaces. Comparative studies with other insects are revealing the diversification of morphogenetic movements for elaboration of epithelial structures. This review surveys the repertoire of follicle cell morphogenesis, to highlight the coordination of epithelial plasticity with progressive differentiation of a secretory epithelium. Technological advances will keep this tissue at the leading edge for interrogating the precise spatiotemporal regulation of normal epithelial reorganization events, and provide a framework for understanding pathological tissue dysplasia.
上皮结构是所有后生动物组织组织化的基础。上皮细胞片层形成侧向黏附连接，并获得垂直于片层表面的顶-基极性。在昆虫模型黑腹果蝇中的遗传学分析极大地推进了我们对上皮组织如何建立以及在组织形态发生过程中如何被调节的理解。对集体细胞迁移的主要见解来自对成年卵泡上皮内形态发生运动的分析，该上皮与雌性生殖细胞协作构建成熟卵子。上皮卵泡细胞在分化形成蛋壳的精细结构之前，会经历增殖、模式形成、重组和迁移等严格编排的阶段。不同的结构域通过差异黏附进行组织，其中侧向连接会被重塑以进一步塑造有组织的上皮。在集体细胞迁移过程中，黏附相互作用介导平面极化大分子的超细胞组织，并促进在基底膜上爬行或对相邻细胞表面产生牵引力。与其他昆虫的比较研究正在揭示用于构建上皮结构的形态发生运动的多样性。本综述概述了卵泡细胞形态发生的全部过程，以突出上皮可塑性与分泌上皮渐进分化之间的协调。技术进步将使这个组织在探究正常上皮重组事件的精确时空调节方面处于前沿，并为理解病理性组织发育异常提供一个框架。
