Department of Medicine, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
UNC Charlotte, Department of Public Health Sciences, Charlotte, NC.
Ann Epidemiol. 2018 Jun;28(6):392-400. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2017.03.002. Epub 2017 Mar 31.
Occupational asthma (OA), a common respiratory disorder in Western countries, is caused by exposures at the workplace. It is part of a broader definition of work-related asthma (WRA) that also includes pre-existing asthma aggravated by substances present in the workplace environment, and it is potentially preventable. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate preventive measures for occupational asthma by case studies.
In three case studies we discuss preventive measures that have been associated with reductions in incidence of occupational asthma from natural rubber latex and from diisocyanates as supported by published literature. We also discuss challenges in relation to asthma from cleaning products in healthcare work.
Several preventive measures have been associated with reduction in incidence of occupational asthma from natural rubber latex and from diisocyanates, and may provide lessons for prevention of other causes of occupational asthma. Cleaning products remain an unresolved problem at present with respect to asthma risks but potential measures include the use of safer products and safer applications such as avoidance of spray products, use of occupational hygiene methods such as improving local ventilation, and when appropriate, the use of personal protective devices.
职业性哮喘（OA）是西方国家常见的呼吸道疾病，由工作场所暴露引起。它是工作相关哮喘（WRA）更广泛定义的一部分，也包括因工作场所环境中存在的物质而加重的预先存在的哮喘，并且是可以预防的。本文的目的是通过案例研究说明职业性哮喘的预防措施。
在三个案例研究中，我们讨论了一些预防措施，这些措施与天然橡胶乳胶和异氰酸酯引起的职业性哮喘发病率降低有关，这得到了已发表文献的支持。我们还讨论了与医疗保健工作中清洁产品相关的哮喘问题。
一些预防措施与天然橡胶乳胶和异氰酸酯引起的职业性哮喘发病率降低有关，可能为预防其他职业性哮喘原因提供了经验教训。清洁产品目前仍是哮喘风险方面未解决的问题，但潜在的措施包括使用更安全的产品和更安全的应用，例如避免喷雾产品，使用职业卫生方法，例如改善局部通风，以及在适当的情况下使用个人防护设备。
