Acid etching of glass-infiltrated zirconia and its biological response.

PURPOSE

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of acid etching treatment on surface characteristics and biological response of glass-infiltrated zirconia.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A hundred zirconia specimens were divided into four groups depending on surface treatments: untreated zirconia (group Z); acid-etched zirconia (group ZE); glass-infiltrated zirconia (group ZG); and glass-infiltrated and acid-etched zirconia (group ZGE). Surface roughness, surface topography, surface morphology, and Vickers hardness of specimens were evaluated. For biological response test, MC3T3-E1 cell attachment and proliferation on surface of the specimens were examined. The data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test at a significance level of 0.05.

RESULTS

Group ZGE showed the highest surface roughness (Ra = 1.54 µm) compared with other groups ( < .05). Meanwhile, the hardness of group Z was significantly higher than those of other groups ( < .05). Cell attachment and cell proliferation were significantly higher in group ZGE ( < .05).

CONCLUSION

We concluded that effective surface roughness on zirconia could be made by acid etching treatment after glass infiltration. This surface showed significantly enhanced osteoblast cell response.