Hendriks Tom, de Jong Joop, Cramer Holger
1 Department of Psychology, Anton de Kom University of Suriname , Paramaribo, Suriname .
2 Amsterdam Institute for Social Science Research (AISSR), University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, the Netherlands .
J Altern Complement Med. 2017 Jul;23(7):505-517. doi: 10.1089/acm.2016.0334. Epub 2017 Feb 28.
The aim of this study was to present an overview of the research on the effects of yoga on positive mental health (PMH) among non-clinical adult populations.
This was a systematic literature review and meta-analysis, including a risk of bias assessment. The electronic databases PubMed/Medline, Scopus, IndMED, and the Cochrane Library were searched from 1975 to 2015. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of yoga interventions on PMH among a healthy adult population were selected.
A total of 17 RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. Four indicators of PMH were found: psychological well-being, life satisfaction, social relationships, and mindfulness. A significant increase in psychological well-being in favor of yoga over no active control was found. Overall risk of bias was unclear due to incomplete reporting.
The current body of research offers weak evidence that the practice of yoga contributes to an increase in PMH among adults from non-clinical populations in general. Yoga was found to contribute to a significant increase in psychological well-being when compared to no intervention but not compared to physical activity. For life satisfaction (emotional well-being), social relationships (social well-being), and mindfulness no significant effects for yoga were found over active or non-active controls. Due to the limited amount of studies, the heterogeneity of the intervention, and perhaps the way PMH is being measured, any definite conclusions on the effects of yoga on PMH cannot be drawn.
本研究旨在概述关于瑜伽对非临床成年人群积极心理健康（PMH）影响的研究。
这是一项系统的文献综述和荟萃分析，包括偏倚风险评估。检索了1975年至2015年的电子数据库PubMed/Medline、Scopus、IndMED和Cochrane图书馆。选取了关于瑜伽干预对健康成年人群PMH影响的随机对照试验（RCT）。
荟萃分析共纳入17项RCT。发现了PMH的四个指标：心理健康、生活满意度、社会关系和正念。发现与无积极对照相比，瑜伽有利于心理健康显著增加。由于报告不完整，总体偏倚风险尚不清楚。
目前的研究证据薄弱，表明一般而言，瑜伽练习有助于非临床成年人群PMH的增加。与无干预相比，瑜伽被发现有助于心理健康显著增加，但与体育活动相比则不然。对于生活满意度（情绪健康）、社会关系（社会健康）和正念，与积极或非积极对照相比，未发现瑜伽有显著影响。由于研究数量有限、干预的异质性以及可能测量PMH的方式，无法得出关于瑜伽对PMH影响的任何明确结论。
