Barcaccia Barbara, Howard Schneider Barry, Pallini Susanna, Baiocco Roberto
Sapienza University of Rome, Associazione di Psicologia Cognitiva APC-Scuola di Psicoterapia Cognitiva srl SPC.
Psicothema. 2017 May;29(2):217-222. doi: 10.7334/psicothema2016.251.
Many studies have shown that victimisation by bullies is linked with psychopathology. Research has also demonstrated that forgiveness is associated with the mental health of victims of bullying.
Our objective was to explore the multiple components of forgiveness (i.e., benevolence, decreased avoidance of the perpetrator and diminished desire for revenge) as mediators of the negative mental health effects of bullying in Italian adolescents. Our hypothesis was that those who forgive their bullies would show lower levels of depression, state anger, and behaviour problems than those who did not forgive. Participants were 319 students ages 14 to 22 from two schools in Southern Italy who completed five self-report questionnaires measuring levels of victimisation, forgiveness, depression, anger, and total behaviour problems.
The results varied according to the components of forgiveness: although benevolence toward the victim was not a significant correlate of outcome, harbouring a desire for revenge and avoiding the perpetrator emerged as very maladaptive.
Our study indicates that is it important for those working with adolescents to help victims of bullying overcome the negative mental health effects of the victimisation by letting go of un-forgiveness.
许多研究表明，受欺凌与精神病理学有关。研究还表明，宽恕与欺凌受害者的心理健康有关。
我们的目的是探讨宽恕的多个组成部分（即仁慈、减少对加害者的回避以及减少报复欲望）作为意大利青少年欺凌对心理健康产生负面影响的中介因素。我们的假设是，原谅欺凌者的人比不原谅的人表现出更低水平的抑郁、愤怒情绪和行为问题。参与者是来自意大利南部两所学校的319名14至22岁的学生，他们完成了五份自我报告问卷，测量受欺凌程度、宽恕程度、抑郁程度、愤怒程度和总体行为问题。
结果因宽恕的组成部分而异：尽管对受害者的仁慈与结果没有显著相关性，但怀有报复欲望和回避加害者表现出非常不利于适应的情况。
我们的研究表明，对于从事青少年工作的人来说，帮助欺凌受害者通过放下怨恨来克服受欺凌对心理健康产生的负面影响非常重要。
