University of Heidelberg, Dental School, Department of Prosthodontics, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
University of Heidelberg, Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
Clin Interv Aging. 2020 Nov 11;15:2155-2164. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S273671. eCollection 2020.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dental status and chewing efficiency on the oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of nursing-home residents.
The study was conducted in nine nursing homes. All eligible participants were included, and general and medical data, information about nutritional status and their dental and prosthetic status were collected. Chewing efficiency was assessed by means of a two-colour mixing-ability test. The simple count version of the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (SC-GOHAI) was used to evaluate participants' OHRQoL, and the Mini-Mental State Examination to classify the presence of cognitive impairment. Univariate and multivariate regression models were used to analyse data.
The mean age of the participants was 82.1 (± 9.8) years and most participants suffered from at least very mild cognitive impairment. OHRQoL for all participants ( = 143) and denture wearers only ( = 105) was substantially associated with the type of prosthesis, the presence of natural teeth, the number of functional occluding pairs and dental and denture-related (if applicable) treatment needs. Furthermore, in both model's univariate analysis showed that chewing efficiency also affected OHRQoL. In contrast, multivariate analysis of all participants revealed that only a higher number of functional occluding pairs (C: 0.250; < 0.001), fewer dental treatment needs (C: -1.733; = 0.019) and a better nutritional status (C: -1.298; = 0.048) were relevant for better OHRQoL. For denture wearers, a higher number of functional occluding pairs (C: 0.192; = 0.011), a better denture condition (C: -2.194; = 0.003) and a higher body mass index (BMI) (C: 0.145; = 0.006) were the main variables associated with better OHRQoL among participants.
Good oral health and oral function, including chewing efficiency, are associated with a high OHRQoL of nursing-home residents. However, few dental treatment needs, well-fitting dentures without treatment needs and a high number of functional occluding pairs seem to be the principal variables for an acceptable OHRQoL of nursing-home residents.
本研究旨在评估口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQoL）的口腔状况和咀嚼效率对养老院居民的影响。
该研究在九家养老院进行。纳入所有符合条件的参与者，并收集一般和医学数据、营养状况以及口腔和义齿状况的信息。通过双色混合能力测试评估咀嚼效率。使用简易老年人口腔健康评估指数（SC-GOHAI）的简单计数版本评估参与者的 OHRQoL，使用简易精神状态检查（MMSE）来分类认知障碍的存在。使用单变量和多变量回归模型分析数据。
参与者的平均年龄为 82.1（±9.8）岁，大多数参与者患有至少轻度认知障碍。所有参与者（n=143）和义齿佩戴者（n=105）的 OHRQoL 与义齿类型、天然牙齿的存在、功能咬合对的数量以及与口腔和义齿相关（如有）的治疗需求显著相关。此外，在两个模型的单变量分析中，均显示咀嚼效率也会影响 OHRQoL。相反，对所有参与者的多变量分析显示，只有更多的功能咬合对（C：0.250；<0.001）、较少的口腔治疗需求（C：-1.733；=0.019）和更好的营养状况（C：-1.298；=0.048）与更好的 OHRQoL 相关。对于义齿佩戴者，更多的功能咬合对（C：0.192；=0.011）、更好的义齿状况（C：-2.194；=0.003）和更高的体质指数（BMI）（C：0.145；=0.006）是与参与者中更好的 OHRQoL 相关的主要变量。
良好的口腔健康和口腔功能，包括咀嚼效率，与养老院居民的高 OHRQoL 相关。然而，较少的口腔治疗需求、无治疗需求且适配良好的义齿以及更多的功能咬合对似乎是养老院居民可接受的 OHRQoL 的主要变量。
