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血栓弹力图在肝移植患者凝血功能障碍评估及治疗中的作用

The role of thromboelastometry in the assessment and treatment of coagulopathy in liver transplant patients.

作者信息

Zamper Raffael Pereira Cezar, Amorim Thiago Chaves, Costa Luiz Guilherme Villares da, Takaoka Flávio, Serpa Ary

机构信息

Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

出版信息

Einstein (Sao Paulo). 2017 Apr-Jun;15(2):243-246. doi: 10.1590/S1679-45082017MD3903. Epub 2017 Apr 20.

DOI:10.1590/S1679-45082017MD3903
PMID:28443944
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5609626/
Abstract

Perioperative monitoring of coagulation is vital to assess bleeding risks, diagnose deficiencies associated with hemorrhage, and guide hemostatic therapy in major surgical procedures, such as liver transplantation. Routine static tests demand long turnaround time and do not assess platelet function; they are determined on plasma at a standard temperature of 37°C; hence these tests are ill-suited for intraoperative use. In contrast, methods which evaluate the viscoelastic properties of whole blood, such as thromboelastogram and rotational thromboelastometry, provide rapid qualitative coagulation assessment and appropriate guidance for transfusion therapy. These are promising tools for the assessment and treatment of hyper- and hypocoagulable states associated with bleeding in liver transplantation. When combined with traditional tests and objective assessment of the surgical field, this information provides ideal guidance for transfusion strategies, with potential improvement of patient outcomes. RESUMO A monitorização perioperatória da coagulação é fundamental para estimar o risco de sangramento, diagnosticar deficiências causadoras de hemorragia e guiar terapias hemostáticas durante procedimentos cirúrgicos de grande porte, como o transplante hepático. Os testes estáticos, comumente usados na prática clínica, são insatisfatórios no intraoperatório, pois demandam tempo e não avaliam a função plaquetária; são determinados no plasma e realizados em temperatura padrão de 37°C. Os métodos que avaliam as propriedades viscoelásticas do sangue total, como o tromboelastograma e a tromboelastometria rotacional, podem suprir as deficiências dos testes estáticos tradicionais, uma vez que permitem avaliar a coagulação de forma rápida e qualitativa, guiando a terapia transfusional de forma adequada. A tromboelastometria rotacional mostrou-se promissora na avaliação e no tratamento de estados de hipercoagulação e hipocoagulação, associados a sangramento no transplante hepático. Estas informações, combinadas com os testes tradicionais e uma avaliação objetiva do campo cirúrgico, promovem um cenário ótimo para guiar as estratégias transfusionais e potencialmente melhorar o desfecho destes pacientes.

摘要

围手术期凝血监测对于评估出血风险、诊断与出血相关的缺陷以及指导重大外科手术(如肝移植)中的止血治疗至关重要。常规静态检测需要较长周转时间且无法评估血小板功能;它们是在37°C的标准温度下对血浆进行检测;因此这些检测不适用于术中使用。相比之下,评估全血粘弹性特性的方法,如血栓弹力图和旋转血栓弹力测定法,可提供快速的定性凝血评估并为输血治疗提供适当指导。这些是评估和治疗肝移植出血相关的高凝和低凝状态的有前景的工具。当与传统检测及手术视野的客观评估相结合时,这些信息可为输血策略提供理想指导,有可能改善患者预后。摘要围手术期凝血监测对于评估出血风险、诊断导致出血的缺陷以及指导大型外科手术(如肝移植)中的止血治疗至关重要。临床实践中常用的静态检测在术中并不令人满意,因为它们耗时且不评估血小板功能;它们是在血浆中进行且在37°C的标准温度下进行。评估全血粘弹性特性的方法,如血栓弹力图和旋转血栓弹力测定法,可以弥补传统静态检测的不足,因为它们能够快速、定性地评估凝血情况,从而适当指导输血治疗。旋转血栓弹力测定法在评估和治疗肝移植出血相关的高凝和低凝状态方面显示出前景。这些信息与传统检测以及手术视野的客观评估相结合,为指导输血策略提供了理想的情况,并有可能改善这些患者的预后。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/dd95/5609626/49050e4e651d/1679-4508-eins-15-02-0243-gf03.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/dd95/5609626/47f61689a172/1679-4508-eins-15-02-0243-gf01.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/dd95/5609626/3e7af07b44f9/1679-4508-eins-15-02-0243-gf02.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/dd95/5609626/49050e4e651d/1679-4508-eins-15-02-0243-gf03.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/dd95/5609626/47f61689a172/1679-4508-eins-15-02-0243-gf01.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/dd95/5609626/3e7af07b44f9/1679-4508-eins-15-02-0243-gf02.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/dd95/5609626/49050e4e651d/1679-4508-eins-15-02-0243-gf03.jpg

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