Brazill Jennifer M, Li Chong, Zhu Yi, Zhai R Grace
Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, United States.
Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, United States.
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2017 Jun;44:156-162. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2017.03.014. Epub 2017 Apr 23.
Nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyl transferases (NMNATs) are a family of highly conserved proteins indispensable for cellular homeostasis. NMNATs are classically known for their enzymatic function of catalyzing NAD synthesis, but also have gained a reputation as essential neuronal maintenance factors. NMNAT deficiency has been associated with various human diseases with pronounced consequences on neural tissues, underscoring the importance of the neuronal maintenance and protective roles of these proteins. New mechanistic studies have challenged the role of NMNAT-catalyzed NAD production in delaying Wallerian degeneration and have specified new mechanisms of NMNAT's chaperone function critical for neuronal health. Progress in understanding the regulation of NMNAT has uncovered a neuronal stress response with great therapeutic promise for treating various neurodegenerative conditions.
烟酰胺单核苷酸腺苷酸转移酶（NMNATs）是一类对细胞内稳态不可或缺的高度保守蛋白质家族。NMNATs传统上以其催化NAD合成的酶促功能而闻名，但也被誉为重要的神经元维持因子。NMNAT缺乏与多种人类疾病相关，对神经组织产生显著影响，凸显了这些蛋白质在神经元维持和保护作用中的重要性。新的机制研究对NMNAT催化的NAD产生在延缓沃勒氏变性中的作用提出了挑战，并明确了NMNAT伴侣功能对神经元健康至关重要的新机制。在理解NMNAT调控方面的进展揭示了一种神经元应激反应，对治疗各种神经退行性疾病具有巨大的治疗前景。
