Bunz Maxie, Mücke Hans-Guido
Abteilung Umwelthygiene, Fachgebiet II 1.5: Umweltmedizin und gesundheitliche Bewertung, Umweltbundesamt, Corrensplatz 1, 14195, Berlin, Deutschland.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2017 Jun;60(6):632-639. doi: 10.1007/s00103-017-2548-3.
Climate change has already had a large influence on the human environmental system and directly or indirectly affects physical and mental health. Triggered by extreme meteorological conditions, for example, storms, floods, earth slides and heat periods, the direct consequences range from illnesses to serious accidents with injuries, or in extreme cases fatalities. Indirectly, a changed environment due to climate change affects, amongst other things, the cardiovascular system and respiratory tract, and can also cause allergies and infectious diseases. In addition, increasing confrontation with environmental impacts may cause negative psychological effects such as posttraumatic stress disorders and anxiety, but also aggression, distress and depressive symptoms. The extent and severity of the health consequences depend on individual pre-disposition, resilience, behaviour and adaptation.
气候变化已经对人类环境系统产生了重大影响，并直接或间接地影响身心健康。例如，由风暴、洪水、山体滑坡和高温期等极端气象条件引发的直接后果包括疾病、严重受伤事故，在极端情况下甚至会导致死亡。间接而言，气候变化导致的环境变化会影响心血管系统和呼吸道等，还可能引发过敏和传染病。此外，日益频繁地面对环境影响可能会导致负面心理效应，如创伤后应激障碍和焦虑，也会引发攻击性、痛苦和抑郁症状。健康后果的程度和严重性取决于个体的易感性、恢复力、行为和适应能力。
