Han Ho, Pettee Gabriel Kelley, Kohl Harold Willis
Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States of America.
Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health, Austin, TX, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2017 Apr 27;12(4):e0176330. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176330. eCollection 2017.
The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) is a successful framework for guiding behavior change programs for several health behaviors, yet its application to reduce of sedentary behavior has been neglected. In addition, no data exist regarding the association between determinants of sedentary behaviors based on the TTM and physical activity behavior. The purpose of this study was to investigate college students' stages of motivational readiness to avoid sedentary behaviors and relevant psychological determinants using newly developed TTM questionnaires and to identify the association between current physical activity and sedentary behaviors based on TTM constructs.
Data were obtained from 225 college students enrolled in health education and physical education courses. Participants completed a package of questionnaires including validated TTM, physical activity and sitting time questionnaires. Participants also wore an accelerometer for seven consecutive days. MANOVAs were conducted to determine mean differences in psychological constructs across the TTM stages, and Chi-square tests and Spearman correlation were used to evaluate the associations between current physical activity and sedentary behavior.
A majority of the participants were in the sedentary stages, and men and women differed in proportion of individuals in the stages (78.0% vs. 68.1%, respectively). The gender difference was also found in use of the processes of change. In general, the mean scores of the TTM constructs increased as the stages progressed. No significant associations were found between the TTM constructs for sedentary behavior and current physical activity levels (p>0.05).
A high proportion of college students were in sedentary stages regardless of physical activity levels, but different distributions in men and women. Participants in earlier stages were less likely to utilize the TTM constructs to reduce sedentary behaviors than those in later stages. A lack of association between physical activity and the psychological determinants of sedentary behavior was found.
跨理论模型（TTM）是指导多种健康行为改变计划的成功框架，但它在减少久坐行为方面的应用却被忽视了。此外，关于基于TTM的久坐行为决定因素与身体活动行为之间的关联尚无数据。本研究的目的是使用新开发的TTM问卷调查大学生避免久坐行为的动机准备阶段及相关心理决定因素，并基于TTM结构确定当前身体活动与久坐行为之间的关联。
数据来自225名参加健康教育和体育课程的大学生。参与者完成了一套问卷，包括经过验证的TTM、身体活动和久坐时间问卷。参与者还连续七天佩戴加速度计。进行多变量方差分析以确定TTM各阶段心理结构的平均差异，并使用卡方检验和斯皮尔曼相关性来评估当前身体活动与久坐行为之间的关联。
大多数参与者处于久坐阶段，男性和女性在各阶段的个体比例存在差异（分别为78.0%和68.1%）。在改变过程的使用方面也发现了性别差异。总体而言，TTM结构的平均得分随着阶段的推进而增加。久坐行为的TTM结构与当前身体活动水平之间未发现显著关联（p>0.05）。
无论身体活动水平如何，很大比例的大学生处于久坐阶段，但男女分布不同。早期阶段的参与者比后期阶段的参与者更不可能利用TTM结构来减少久坐行为。发现身体活动与久坐行为的心理决定因素之间缺乏关联。
