Matthews Karen A, Jennings J Richard, Lee Laisze, Pardini Dustin A
1 Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh.
2 Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Arizona State University.
Psychol Sci. 2017 Jun;28(6):808-821. doi: 10.1177/0956797617697700. Epub 2017 Apr 28.
Bullying and being bullied in childhood are both linked with later adjustment problems. The impact of childhood bullying on risk for poor physical health in adulthood is understudied. Black and White men ( n = 305; mean age = 32.3 years) enrolled in the Pittsburgh Youth Study since the first grade underwent a comprehensive assessment of psychosocial, behavioral, and biological risk factors for poor health. Indices of bullying and being bullied were created by averaging annual ratings collected from participants and their caregivers when the participants were 10 to 12 years old. Results showed that being a bully in childhood was associated with greater stress and aggression and poorer health behaviors in adulthood, whereas being a victim of bullies in childhood was associated with lower socioeconomic resources, less optimism, and greater unfair treatment in adulthood. Unexpectedly, neither bullying nor being bullied in childhood was related to inflammation or metabolic syndrome. Bullying and being bullied in childhood were associated with distinct domains of psychosocial risk in adulthood that may later lead to poor physical health.
童年时期遭受欺凌和欺凌他人都与日后的适应问题有关。童年欺凌对成年后身体健康不佳风险的影响研究不足。自一年级起就参加匹兹堡青年研究的305名黑人和白人男性（平均年龄=32.3岁）接受了对健康状况不佳的心理社会、行为和生物风险因素的全面评估。欺凌和被欺凌指数是通过对参与者及其照顾者在参与者10至12岁时收集的年度评分进行平均得出的。结果表明，童年时期欺凌他人与成年后更大的压力和攻击性以及更差的健康行为有关，而童年时期成为欺凌行为的受害者与成年后较低的社会经济资源、较少的乐观情绪以及更多的不公平待遇有关。出乎意料的是，童年时期的欺凌行为和被欺凌经历都与炎症或代谢综合征无关。童年时期的欺凌和被欺凌与成年后心理社会风险的不同领域有关，这些领域日后可能导致身体健康不佳。
