Am J Epidemiol. 2017 Sep 15;186(6):659-667. doi: 10.1093/aje/kww243.
Time-related stressors, such as long working hours, are recognized as being detrimental to health. We considered whether time spent commuting to work was a risk factor for poor mental health. Data from the Household, Income Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey were used to conduct fixed-effects longitudinal regression analyses. The outcome variable was the Mental Health Inventory, and the main exposure represented hours per week traveling to and from a place of paid employment. Effect modifiers included sex, low job control, high demands, and low job security. Compared with when a person commuted for ≤2 hours per week, there was a small decline (coefficient = -0.33, 95% CI: -0.62, -0.04; P = 0.025) in the Mental Health Inventory score when they commuted for over 6 hours per week. Compared with persons with high job control, persons working in jobs with low job control experienced significantly greater declines in the Mental Health Inventory score when commuting 4 to 6 hours per week and when commuting over 6 hours per week. We found no influence from the other hypothesized effect modifiers. These results suggest the importance of considering commuting time as an additional work-related time stressor.
时间相关的压力源，如长时间工作，被认为对健康有害。我们考虑了上下班时间是否是心理健康不良的一个风险因素。使用澳大利亚家庭收入劳动力动态调查的数据进行固定效应纵向回归分析。因变量为心理健康量表，主要暴露因素为每周上下班的时间。效应修饰剂包括性别、低工作控制、高要求和低工作保障。与每周通勤≤2 小时的人相比，每周通勤超过 6 小时的人心理健康量表得分下降较小（系数=-0.33，95%CI：-0.62，-0.04；P=0.025）。与高工作控制的人相比，工作控制低的人每周通勤 4-6 小时和每周通勤超过 6 小时时，心理健康量表得分下降幅度明显更大。我们没有发现其他假设的效应修饰剂的影响。这些结果表明，考虑通勤时间作为额外的与工作相关的时间压力源是很重要的。
